通过Dockerfile实现GO程序多阶段构建容器化

Go实现httpserver的源代码

创建main.go文件

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/pprof"
	"os"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	mux := http.NewServeMux()                    //多路复用处理函数
	mux.HandleFunc("/", mainIndex)               //handler，谁来处理request
	mux.HandleFunc("/healthz", healthz)          //healthz, 返回200，作为健康检查
	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/", pprof.Index) //mux的debug模块
	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/profile", pprof.Profile)
	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/symbol", pprof.Symbol)
	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/trace", pprof.Trace)
	err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux) //启动服务
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal("start server failed: %s \n", err.Error())
	}
}

func mainIndex(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	//w.Write([]byte("Welcome to <go> http server")) //如果返回页面就没有header了
	for k, v := range r.Header {
		for _, vv := range v {
			w.Header().Add(k, vv)
			fmt.Println(k, vv)
		}
	}
	w.Header().Add("systemEnv", os.Getenv("GOPATH"))
	log.Printf("Success! Response code: %d", 200)
	clientip := Clinetip(r)
	log.Printf("Success! client ip: %s", clientip)
}

func healthz(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "200")
}

//ClientIP 尽最大努力实现获取客户端 IP 的算法。
//当请求头不存在即不存在代理时直接获取ip, RemoteAddr
//解析 X-Real-IP 和 X-Forwarded-For以便于反向代理（nginx 或 haproxy）可以正常工作。
func Clinetip(r *http.Request) string {
	ip := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Split(r.Header.Get("x-Forwarded-For"), ",")[0])
	if ip != "" {
		return ip
	}
	ip = strings.TrimSpace(r.Header.Get("X-Real-Ip"))
	if ip != "" {
		return ip
	}
	if ip, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(strings.TrimSpace(r.RemoteAddr)); err == nil {
		return ip
	}
	return ""
}

编写Dockerfile

FROM golang:1.17 AS builder
ENV GO111MODULE=off \
    CGO_ENABLED=0 \
    GOOS=linux \
    GOARCH=amd64

WORKDIR /build
COPY . .
RUN go build -o httpserver .

FROM scratch
COPY --from=builder /build/httpserver /
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["/httpserver"]

搭建镜像

docker build读取Dockerfile文件，搭建镜像，-t为容器添加tag

docker build . -t httpserver:0.0.1
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 httpserver:0.0.1

测试httpserver服务是否成功开启，并通过nsenter查看容器网络配置

httpserver容器运行成功

[root@localhost httpserver]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE              COMMAND         CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                                       NAMES
d2e1fe4e03f2   httpserver:0.0.1   "/httpserver"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   brave_chaum
[root@localhost httpserver]# PID=$(docker inspect --format "{{ .State.Pid }}" brave_chaum)
[root@localhost httpserver]# nsenter -t $PID -n ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
24: eth0@if25: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 172.17.0.2/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

上传到Docker hub

[root@localhost httpserver]# docker tag 3fe3921ec1f0 henryli98/httpserver:0.0.1
[root@localhost httpserver]# docker push henryli98/httpserver:0.0.1
The push refers to repository [docker.io/henryli98/httpserver]
af92bb057461: Pushed 
0.0.1: digest: sha256:06cb18e9d2cb4d79f3891eb848b23e5e89b80bc1f535c74766bfc1fe2644180d size: 528

另一种Dockerfile编写方式

FROM golang:1.17 AS build

WORKDIR /httpserver/
COPY . .
ENV CGO_ENABLED=0
ENV GO111MODULE=on
ENV GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
RUN GOOS=linux go build -installsuffix cgo -o httpserver main.go

FROM busybox
COPY --from=build /httpserver/httpserver /httpserver/httpserver
EXPOSE 8360
ENV ENV local
WORKDIR /httpserver/
ENTRYPOINT ["./httpserver"]

本文章参考极客时间课程内容，个人学习记录使用