滑块验证码（selenium）

思路

• 分别截取带缺口的图片和完整的图片

• 对比两张图片获取缺口的位置

• 通过计算获得滑块的移动轨迹

• 移动滑块

一、计算滑块缺口位置

from random import randint
from PIL import Image
 
# 额外距离, 多走几步，防止机器人判断
another_length = randint(3, 5)
 
 
def pixel_compare(image1, image2, x, y):
    """比较色值差异"""
 
    # 取两张图片的像素点
    pixel1 = image1.load()[x, y]
    pixel2 = image2.load()[x, y]
    # 设定阈值
    threshold = 60
    # 计算RGB色值的差
    r = abs(pixel1[0] - pixel2[0])
    g = abs(pixel1[1] - pixel2[1])
    b = abs(pixel1[2] - pixel2[2])
    # print(r, g, b)
    # 判断: 若大于阈值，则判断为滑块位置
    if r < threshold and g < threshold and b < threshold:
        return True
    else:
        return False
 
 
def get_distance(image1, image2):
    """计算偏移量"""
 
    global another_length
    i1 = Image.open(image1)
    i2 = Image.open(image2)
    # 图片中心线
    left = 75
    # 滑块与边框距离
    border = 6
    for i in range(left, i1.size[0]):
        for j in range(i2.size[1]):
            if not pixel_compare(i1, i2, i, j):
                left = i
                return left - border + another_length
 
    return left - border + another_length

二、根据缺口计算滑块移动路径

from random import randint
 
# 截图保存路径
save_path = ""
# 额外距离
another_length = randint(3, 5)
 
 
def get_track(image1, image2):
    """根据偏移量获取移动轨迹"""
 
    global another_length, save_path
    distance = get_distance(image1, image2)
    # distance = get_distance_by_full_bg(image1, image2, save_path
    if distance > 200:
        return [distance]
 
    track = []
    # 当前位移
    current = 0
    mid = distance * 4 / 5
    # 计算间隔
    t = 0.2
    # 初速度
    v = 0
    while current < distance:
        if current < mid:
            # 加速度为 5
            a = 5
        else:
            # 加速度为 -10
            a = -10
        # 初速度
        v0 = v
        # 当前速度
        v = v0 + a * t
        # 移动距离
        l = v * t + 1 / 2 * a * t ** 2
        # 当前位移
        current += l
        # 加入轨迹, 四舍五入
        track.append(round(l))
 
    if track[-1] > 2:
        track[-1] = 2
    if track[-1] == 2:
        track[-1] = 1
 
    # 最后部分偏移
    track.append(~another_length + 1)
 
    # 路径增加偏移
    index = track.index(1) + 1
    length = len(track) - 1
    for i in range(5):
        # 移动路线修缮，避免移动曲线过于平滑
        offset = [num for num in range(-3, 4) if num != 0][randint(0, 4)]
        if offset < 0:
            add1 = randint(index, length)
            add2 = randint(0, length)
        else:
            add1 = randint(0, length)
            add2 = randint(index, length)
        track[add1] += offset
        track[add2] -= offset
 
    return track

三、移动滑块

from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from random import randint
from time import sleep

 
def move_slider(website, **kwargs):
    """移动滑块"""
    name = kwargs.get('name', '滑块')
    xpath = kwargs.get('xpath')
    image1 = kwargs.get('image1')
    image2 = kwargs.get('image2')
 
    try:
        track = get_track(image1, image2)
        if track[0] > 200:
            return track[0]
        # 滑块元素
        slider = website.find_element_by_xpath(xpath=xpath)
        # 拖拽动作
        ActionChains(website).click_and_hold(slider).perform()
        sleep(0.15)
        for i in track:
            # 随机上下浮动鼠标
            ActionChains(website).move_by_offset(xoffset=i, yoffset=randint(-2, 2)).perform()
        # 释放元素
        sleep(1)
        ActionChains(website).release(slider).perform()
        sleep(1)
        # 随机拿开鼠标
        ActionChains(website).move_by_offset(xoffset=randint(200, 300), yoffset=randint(200, 300)).perform()
        return True
    except Exception as e:
   	    return False