蒟蒻的Java之旅——通讯案例

基于sokcet服务器实现：
通过握手形式建立了端到端的连接，首先客户端向服务器发起申请，之后服务器反馈处理信息，最后客户端发送确认信息。
基于（单和多）线程soket的客户机代码是不变的
服务器代码（非多线程）

package ht;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class TalkSevere{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			ServerSocket server =null;
			try {
				server=new ServerSocket(4700);//端口设定
			}
			catch(Exception e) {
				System.out.println("can not listen to :"+e);
			}
			Socket socket=null;
			try {
				socket=server.accept();//在端口对连接进行监听
			}
			catch(Exception e) {
				System.out.println("Error"+e);
			}
			String line;
			BufferedReader is=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
			
			PrintWriter os= new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
			
			BufferedReader sin=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			System.out.println("Client:"+is.readLine());
			line=sin.readLine();
			while(!(line.equals("bye"))) {
				os.println(line);
				os.flush();
				System.out.println("Sever:"+line);
		System.out.println("Client:"+is.readLine());
				line=sin.readLine();
			}
			os.close();
			is.close();
			server.close();
			socket.close();
		}
		catch(Exception e) {
			System.out.println("Error"+e);
		}
	}
}

服务器代码（多线程）：

//多线程服务器线程程序
package ht;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class ServerThread extends Thread {
	Socket socket=null;  //创建空socket引用用于接收socket
	int clientnum; //连接客户机数目
	public ServerThread(Socket socket,int num){
		this.socket=socket;
		clientnum=num+1;
	}
	public void run(){//线程体
		try {
			String line ;
			BufferedReader is=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
			PrintWriter os= new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
			BufferedReader sin=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			System.out.println("Client:"+clientnum+is.readLine());
			line=sin.readLine();
			while(!line.equals("bye")) {
				os.println(line);
				os.flush();
				System.out.println("Server:"+line);
				System.out.println(""+clientnum+is.readLine());
				line=sin.readLine();
			}
			os.close();
			is.close();
			socket.close();
		}
		catch(Exception e) {
		}
	}
}

客户机实现：

package ht;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class TalkClient{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			Socket socket=new Socket("127.0.0.1",4700);
			BufferedReader sin=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
			PrintWriter os =new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
			BufferedReader is=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
			String rl;
			rl=sin.readLine();
			while(!(rl.equals("bye"))) {
				os.println(rl);
				os.flush();
				System.out.println("Client:"+rl);
		System.out.println("Severe:"+is.readLine());
				rl=sin.readLine();//从键盘键入系统缓冲区读取数据
			}
			os.close();
			is.close();
			socket.close();
		}
		catch(Exception e){
			System.out.println("can not listen to:"+e);	
		}
	}
}

//多线程服务器主程序
package zz;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import ht.ServerThread;

public class MultiTalkSever{
	static int clientnum=0;//连接客户机个数
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
		ServerSocket serverSocket=null;
		boolean listening=true;//监听区布尔值
		try {
			serverSocket=new ServerSocket(4700);//服务器插座对象创建
		}
		catch(IOException e) {
			System.out.println("Could not listen on port:4700");
			System.exit(-1);//无连接时输出提示并退出
		}
		while(listening) {
			new ServerThread(serverSocket.accept(),clientnum).start();//使用接收的socket创建线程对象，并执行对象run方法
			clientnum++;
		}
		serverSocket.close();//关闭服务器对象
	}
}

---

数据报实现的通讯程序：
基于数据报的低层次网络通信由于未建立连接，所以客户端到服务器端的通信是不可靠的传输。

客户端代码：

package jkl;
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class QuoteClient{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	//如果启动时没有给出Sever的名字，那么输出错误信息并退出
		if(args.length!=1) {
			System.out.println("Usage : java QuoteClient <hostname>");
			return ;
		}
		DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();
		byte[] buf=new byte[256];//缓冲区
		//获得本机服务器IP  address
		InetAddress address=InetAddress.getByName(args[0]);
		DatagramPacket packet= new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length,address,4445);
		socket.send(packet);
		packet= new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length);
		socket.receive(packet);
		String received =new String(packet.getData());
		System.out.println("Quote of the Moment :"+received);
		socket.close();
		//单次数据发送
	}

服务器主程序：

package jkl;
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class QuoteSever{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws java.io.IOException{
		new QuoteThread().start();
	}	
}

服务器线程程序：

package jkl;
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class QuoteThread extends Thread{
	protected DatagramSocket socket =null;//数据报插座
	protected BufferedReader in=null;
	protected boolean moreQuotes=true;
	public QuoteThread() throws IOException{
		this("QuoteThread");
	}
	public QuoteThread(String name) throws IOException{
		super(name);
		socket =new DatagramSocket(4445);//服务器自身端口定义
		BufferedReader in =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));	
	}
public void run() {
		//只有moreQuote=false时关闭服务器程序，即收到来自客户的“bye”
		while(moreQuotes) {
			try {
				byte[] buf=new byte[256];//缓冲区创建
				DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length);
				socket.receive(packet);
				System.out.println(new String(packet.getData()));
				String dString =in.readLine();
			if(dString.equals("bye")) {moreQuotes=false;}
				buf=dString.getBytes();//转换String为字节数组，以便传送
				//从获取的数据报中读取发送方的信息，因为数据报是完整独立的信息段
				InetAddress address =packet.getAddress();
				int port =packet.getPort();
				packet =new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length,address,port);
				socket.send(packet);
				}
			catch(Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				moreQuotes=false;
			}
		}
	}
}