Linux配置虚拟IP（VIP） - 猿码设计师

Linux配置虚拟IP（VIP） - 猿码设计师Linux vip config配置；添加虚IP的两种方式：手动ifconfig添加和keepalived添加虚ip。在keepalived中2种模式，分别是master->backup模式和backup->backup模式https://www.yuanmadesign.com/ymdesign/linux-vip

手动添加虚IP
1 ifconfig查看当前活动网卡。如：eth0
2 进行vip添加

ifconfig eth0:0 166.111.69.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

3 执行ifconfig查看是否生效
4 测试 ping 166.111.69.100
5 写在/etc/rc.local里进行开机自动设置

第三方工具keepalived增加VIP

1，下载与安装

安装：
tar xf keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.12
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

2，配置：/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

global_defs {

notification_email {

xxx@qq.com

}

notification_email_from dba@dbserver.com

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id MySQL-HA

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth1

virtual_router_id 51

priority 150

advert_int 1

nopreempt

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.0.88

}

notification_email : 变更后通知的email
notification_email_from : 发送email
router_id MySQL-HA: 路由器组id，局域网中需要共享该vip的服务器，该配置要一致。
state BACKUP：在keepalived中2种模式，分别是master->backup模式和backup->backup模式。
这两种模式有很大区别。在master->backup模式下，一旦主库宕机，虚拟ip会自动漂移到从库，当主库修复后，keepalived启动后，还会把虚拟ip抢占过来，即使设置了非抢占模式（nopreempt）抢占ip的动作也会发生。
在backup->backup模式下，当主库宕机后虚拟ip会自动漂移到从库上，当原主库恢复和keepalived服务启动后，并不会抢占新主的虚拟ip，即使是优先级高于从库的优先级别，也不会发生抢占。
interface eth1: 具体网卡，通过ifconfig确认具体网卡。
priority 150: 表示设置的优先级为150
nopreempt: 非抢占模式

启动：
> /etc/init.d/keepalived start ; tail -f /var/log/messages’

> 或者 systemctl start keepalived

显示如下表示成功：

Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_vrrp[9472]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_vrrp[9472]: Opening file ‘/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf’.
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_vrrp[9472]: Configuration is using : 62976 Bytes
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_vrrp[9472]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector…
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_vrrp[9472]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_vrrp[9472]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(3), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.80.138 added
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.0.60 added
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe9d:6a9e added
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe9d:6aa8 added
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Opening file ‘/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf’.
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Configuration is using : 7231 Bytes
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 kernel: IPVS: Registered protocols (TCP, UDP, AH, ESP)
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 kernel: IPVS: Connection hash table configured (size=4096, memory=64Kbytes)
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 kernel: IPVS: ipvs loaded.
Apr 20 20:26:18 192 Keepalived_healthcheckers[9471]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector…