二进制安装k8s(单master)

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 14:54:38 发布

Hlroliu

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 14:54:38 发布

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分类专栏： kubernetes

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Hlroliu/article/details/109699936

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在CentOS7上以二进制方式安装单master的k8s集群，适用于1.17.x，1.18.x，1.19.x
本方案部署的软硬件环境如下：
在这里插入图片描述
kubernetes集群环境使用了3台机器用于部署，具体如下：

一、基础环境配置

1. 配置主机名，host文件

hostnamectl --static set-hostname  master1
hostnamectl --static set-hostname  node1
hostnamectl --static set-hostname  node2
cat /etc/hosts
192.168.1.11 master
192.168.1.12 node1
192.168.1.13 node2

2. 关闭防火墙，禁用SELinux，关闭swap分区

systemctl disable firewalld.service && systemctl stop firewalld.service

修改/etc/selinux/config 文件，将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled

sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX= disabled /' /etc/selinux/config

该项设置需要重启后才能生效。

swapoff -a
cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_bak
cat /etc/fstab_bak |grep -v swap > /etc/fstab

3. 配置免秘钥

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048 -N '' -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa #一键生成秘钥

把所有节点的id_rsa.pub追加到authorized_keys，把最终的authorized_keys分发到所有主机

cd /root/.ssh/  &&  cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys	
for i in {11..13}; do scp authorized_keys 192.168.1.$i: /root/.ssh/ ;done

在每台节点上验证免秘钥

4. 配置阿里云CentOS7、docker yum源，安装基础软件包

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum -y install bash-completion vim-enhanced net-tools tree wget curl make cmake gcc gcc-c++  screen createrepo yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast	#查询docker可用版本
yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r 
yum -y install docker-ce-[VERSION]	#安装具体版本的docker

由于新版kubelet建议使用systemd，所以可以把docker的CgroupDriver改成systemd

mkdir -p /etc/docker && vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn", "https://lt2ws3tf.mirror.aliyuncs.com", 
"https://mirror.baidubce.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com"] 
}

重新加载docker

systemctl daemon-reload;systemctl restart docker; systemctl enable docker

查看docker版本信息
docker version
docker info

5. 配置内核参数

] vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl =15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 16384

为了保证br_netfilter模块加载，我们需要执行以下命令使参数生效

] sysctl --system && modprobe br_netfilter

6. 下载k8s源码包

https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG
打开页面后选择对应版本的Server Binaries下载
在这里插入图片描述

7. 下载etcd安装包

wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.3/etcd-v3.4.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz;cd kubernetes/server/bin/
cp kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy} /usr/local/bin/
tar -zxf etcd-v3.4.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz;cd etcd-v3.4.3-linux-amd64/
cp etcd etcdctl /usr/local/bin/
查看版本
kubelet --version
etcdctl version
将组件复制到其他节点
cd /usr/local/bin/
WorkNodes='node1 node2'
for NODE in $WorkNodes; do scp /usr/local/bin/etcd* $NODE:/usr/local/bin/;scp kube{let,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/ ; done	
ls /usr/local/bin/	#master节点安装etcd以及k8s所有组件
etcd etcdctl kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kubectl kubelet kube-proxy kube-scheduler
ls /usr/local/bin/		#node节点
etcd etcdctl kubelet  kube-proxy

8. 安装CNI插件

所有节点创建/opt/cni/bin目录

mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin; cd /opt/cni/bin
wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.5/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.5.tgz
tar -zxf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.5.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin/
for NODE in $WorkNodes; do scp /opt/cni/bin/* $NODE:/opt/cni/bin/; done
ls /opt/cni/bin/
bandwidth  bridge  dhcp  firewall  flannel  host-device  host-local  ipvlan  loopback  macvlan  portmap  ptp  sbr  static  tuning  vlan

二、配置etcd集群

在master上生成证书，并分发到其他节点

1. 生成etcd证书

wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson

所有节点创建etcd证书目录

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki  /etc/etcd/ssl

准备证书文件，下载到/root目录下
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1EwUdqH8RjS1BdfOd3M2v-Q 提取码：g5cq

在master上生成etcd证书

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/pki; ls
admin-csr.json ca-config.json etcd-ca-csr.json front-proxy-ca-csr.json kubelet-csr.json    manager-csr.json apiserver-csr.json ca-csr.json etcd-csr.json front-proxy-client-csr.json kube-proxy-csr.json scheduler-csr.json
cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca
cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -hostname=127.0.0.1,master,node1,node2,192.168.1.11,192.168.1.12,192.168.1.13 -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd

将etcd证书分发到其他master节点

cd /etc/etcd/ssl; ls
etcd-ca.csr  etcd-ca-key.pem  etcd-ca.pem  etcd.csr  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem
WorkNodes=''node1 node2' 
for NODE in $WorkNodes; do scp etcd-ca-key.pem etcd-ca.pem etcd-key.pem etcd.pem $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/;done

2. 配置etcd集群

master节点etcd配置文件
master，注意修改主机名和IP地址

] vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'master'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.11:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.11:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.11:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.11:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'master=https://192.168.1.11:2380,node1=https://192.168.1.12:2380,node2=https://192.168.1.13:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false

node1，注意修改主机名和IP地址

] vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'node1'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.12:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.12:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.12:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.12:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'master=https://192.168.1.11:2380,node1=https://192.168.1.12:2380,node2=https://192.168.1.13:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false

node2，注意修改主机名和IP地址

] vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'node2'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.13:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.13:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.13:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.13:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'master=https://192.168.1.11:2380,node1=https://192.168.1.12:2380,node2=https://192.168.1.13:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false

3. 启动etcd

所有节点创建etcd service并启动

] vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Service
Documentation=https://coreos.com/etcd/docs/latest/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd --config-file=/etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=etcd3.service
] mkdir /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
] ln -s /etc/etcd/ssl/* /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/
] ls /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/
etcd-ca.csr  etcd-ca-key.pem  etcd-ca.pem  etcd.csr  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem
] systemctl daemon-reload; systemctl start etcd; systemctl enable etcd
] systemctl status etcd	#etcd服务状态为：active(running)

4. 验证etcd集群

]# etcdctl --endpoints="192.168.1.11:2379,192.168.1.12:2379,192.168.1.13:2379" \
--cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem \
--key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem  endpoint status --write-out=table

在这里插入图片描述

三、生成kubernetes证书

所有节点创建kubernetes相关目录
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki
在master节点上生成kubernetes证书

1. 生成apiserver证书

cd /root/k8s-ha-1.17/pki
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca
cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -hostname=10.96.0.1,192.168.1.11,127.0.0.1,kubernetes,kubernetes.default,kubernetes.default.svc,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local,192.168.1.11 -profile=kubernetes apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver

2. 生成聚合证书

cfssl gencert -initca front-proxy-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca
cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes front-proxy-client-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client

3. 生成controller-manager证书

cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes \
   manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager
] kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.11:6443 \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

在kubeconfig文件中设置上下文环境，并设置为默认环境

] kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
    --cluster=kubernetes  --user=system:kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
] kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

设置一个用户项

] kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager \
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager.pem \
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager-key.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

4. 生成scheduler证书

] cfssl gencert  -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json  -profile=kubernetes \
   scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler
] kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
     --embed-certs=true  --server=https://192.168.1.11:6443 \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
] kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler \
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler.pem \
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler-key.pem \
     --embed-certs=true  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
] kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
     --cluster=kubernetes  --user=system:kube-scheduler \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
] kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

5. 生成admin管理员用户证书

] cfssl gencert  -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json  -profile=kubernetes \
   admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/admin
] kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
 --embed-certs=true  --server=https://192.168.1.11:6443 \
 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
] kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes-admin \
  --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin.pem \
 --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin-key.pem \
 --embed-certs=true  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
] kubectl config set-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes \
  --cluster=kubernetes  --user=kubernetes-admin \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
] kubectl config use-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig

6. 创建ServiceAccount Key

openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 2048
openssl rsa -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key -pubout -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub

四、 Kubernetes组件配置

所有节点创建相关目录

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes

1. 创建kube-apiserver service

在Master节点创建kube-apiserver service

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
      --v=2  \
      --logtostderr=true  \
      --allow-privileged=true  \
      --bind-address=0.0.0.0  \
      --secure-port=6443  \
      --insecure-port=0  \
      --advertise-address=192.168.1.11 \
      --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12  \
      --service-node-port-range=30000-32767  \
      --etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.11:2379,https://192.168.1.12:2379,https://192.168.1.13:2379 \
      --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem  \
      --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem  \
      --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem  \
      --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  \
      --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  \
      --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  \
      --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  \
      --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  \
      --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub  \
      --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname  \
      --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota  \
      --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC  \
      --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true  \
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem  \
      --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem  \
      --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem  \
      --requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator  \
      --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group  \
      --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-  \
      --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
      # --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. 启动kube-apiserver

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kube-apiserver; systemctl start kube-apiserver
检测kube-server状态，应为running
systemctl status kube-apiserver
Active: active (running)

3. 创建kube-controller-manager service

在Master节点配置kube-controller-manager service

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \
      --v=2 \
      --logtostderr=true \
      --address=127.0.0.1 \
      --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
      --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
      --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
      --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig \
      --leader-elect=true \
      --use-service-account-credentials=true \
      --node-monitor-grace-period=40s \
      --node-monitor-period=5s \
      --pod-eviction-timeout=2m0s \
      --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
      --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
      --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
      --node-cidr-mask-size=24
      
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4. 启动kube-controller-manager

在Master节点启动kube-controller-manager

systemctl daemon-reload; 
 systemctl enable kube-controller-manager; systemctl start kube-controller-manager
检测kube-controller-manager 状态，应为running
systemctl status kube-controller-manager
Active: active (running)

5. 创建kube-scheduler service

在Master节点配置kube-scheduler service

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \
      --v=2 \
      --logtostderr=true \
      --address=127.0.0.1 \
      --leader-elect=true \
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6. 启动kube-scheduler

systemctl daemon-reload;systemctl enable kube-scheduler; systemctl start kube-scheduler
检测kube-scheduler状态，应为running
systemctl status kube-scheduler
Active: active (running)

7. TLS Bootstrapping配置

在master创建bootstrap

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/bootstrap
] kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.11:6443 \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
  ] kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user  --token=c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig

c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e是生成的随机序列，可通过以下命令生成，把生成的token写入bootstrap.secret.yaml文件中

echo "$(head -c 6 /dev/urandom | md5sum | head -c 6)"."$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | md5sum | head -c 16)"
c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e

在这里插入图片描述

] kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes \
 --user=tls-bootstrap-token-user   --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
] kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
mkdir -p /root/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig /root/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
kubectl apply -f bootstrap.secret.yaml

在这里插入图片描述

添加加载环境变量，tab补全kubelet命令

echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bash_profile
source /root/.bash_profile
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)

五、 Node节点配置

把master上的证书复制到Node节点
所有节点创建etcd证书目录

mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl/
cd /etc/etcd/ssl/
for NODE in node1 node2; do scp etcd-ca.pem etcd.pem etcd-key.pem $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/; done
cd /etc/kubernetes/pki/
for NODE in node1 node2; do scp ca.pem ca-key.pem front-proxy-ca.pem $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki;done
cd /etc/kubernetes/
for NODE in node1 node2; do scp bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/;done
所有Node节点创建相关目录
mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /etc/kubernetes/manifests/

1. 创建kubelet service

所有节点配置kubelet service（Master节点不部署Pod也可无需配置）

vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet

Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. 配置10-kubelet.conf

vim /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.1"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' "
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS

3. 配置kubelet-conf.yml

vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
cgroupDriver: systemd
cgroupsPerQOS: true
clusterDNS:
- 10.96.0.10
clusterDomain: cluster.local
containerLogMaxFiles: 5
containerLogMaxSize: 10Mi
contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
cpuCFSQuota: true
cpuManagerPolicy: none
cpuManagerReconcilePeriod: 10s
enableControllerAttachDetach: true
enableDebuggingHandlers: true
enforceNodeAllocatable:
- pods
eventBurst: 10
eventRecordQPS: 5
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 5m0s
failSwapOn: true
fileCheckFrequency: 20s
hairpinMode: promiscuous-bridge
healthzBindAddress: 127.0.0.1
healthzPort: 10248
httpCheckFrequency: 20s
imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
imageMinimumGCAge: 2m0s
iptablesDropBit: 15
iptablesMasqueradeBit: 14
kubeAPIBurst: 10
kubeAPIQPS: 5
makeIPTablesUtilChains: true
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
nodeStatusUpdateFrequency: 10s
oomScoreAdj: -999
podPidsLimit: -1
registryBurst: 10
registryPullQPS: 5
resolvConf: /etc/resolv.conf
rotateCertificates: true
runtimeRequestTimeout: 2m0s
serializeImagePulls: true
staticPodPath: /etc/kubernetes/manifests
streamingConnectionIdleTimeout: 4h0m0s
syncFrequency: 1m0s
volumeStatsAggPeriod: 1m0s

4. 启动kubelet

所有节点启动kubelet

systemctl daemon-reload;systemctl enable kubelet; systemctl start kubelet
systemctl status kubelet.service
Active: active (running)

此时系统日志/var/log/messages, 显示只有如下信息为正常
Unable to update cni config: no networks found in /etc/cni/net.d 
查看集群状态
]# kubectl get node

在这里插入图片描述

5. Kube-Proxy配置（在master节点上）

cd /root/k8s-ha-1.17/
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy
] kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy   --clusterrole system:node-proxier \
--serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy
SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy --output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')
JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/$SECRET  --output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)
] kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true  --server=https://192.168.1.11:6443 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
] kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes  --token=${JWT_TOKEN}  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
] kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubernetes  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
] kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

赋值Service文件

for NODE in master node1 node2; do
   scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
   scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
   scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

所有节点启动kube-proxy

systemctl daemon-reload;systemctl enable kube-proxy; systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl status kube-proxy
Active: active (running)

六、安装插件

1. 安装calico

cd /root/k8s-ha-1.17/Calico/
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
kubectl get pod -n kube-system -owide
在这里插入图片描述

kubectl get node
在这里插入图片描述

2. 安装CoreDNS

安装最新版CoreDNS

cd /root/k8s-ha-1.17/CoreDNS/
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
kubectl get pod -n kube-system

在这里插入图片描述

3. 安装Metrics Server

cd /root/k8s-ha-1.17/
kubectl apply -f metrics-server-3.6.1/
kubectl get pod -n kube-system -l k8s-app=metrics-server
kubectl get pod -n kube-system

在这里插入图片描述

4. 安装Dashboard

kubectl apply -f dashboard/
kubectl get pod -A

在这里插入图片描述

kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')

在谷歌浏览器（Chrome）启动文件中加入启动参数，用于解决无法访问Dashboard的问题，
–test-type --ignore-certificate-errors
在这里插入图片描述

访问Dashboard：https://192.168.1.11:30000，选择登录方式为令牌（即token方式），
在这里插入图片描述

七、集群验证
Pod必须能解析Service
Pod必须能解解析跨namespace的Service
每个节点都必须能访问集群的kubernetes的SVC(443端口)和kube-dns的svc(53端口)
Pod于pod之间要能通信：同namespace间，跨namespace间，跨机器能通信
kubectl get svc
创建一个busybox的pod

vim busybox.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: busybox
    image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  restartPolicy: Always
kubectl apply -f busybox.yaml
kubectl exec  busybox -n default -- nslookup kubernetes
kubectl exec  busybox -n default -- nslookup kube-dns.kube-system

在这里插入图片描述

Hlroliu

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二进制安装k8s(单master)

在CentOS7上以二进制方式安装单master的k8s集群，适用于1.17.x，1.18.x，1.19.x本方案部署的软硬件环境如下：kubernetes集群环境使用了3台机器用于部署，具体如下：一、基础环境配置1. 配置主机名，host文件hostnamectl --static set-hostname master1hostnamectl --static set-hostname node1hostnamectl --static set-hostname node2c
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