1. 简介
-
作用:让父组件可以向子组件指定位置插入html结构,也是一种组件间通信的方式,适用于 父组件 ===> 子组件 。
-
分类:默认插槽、具名插槽、作用域插槽
2. 使用方式:
2.1. 默认插槽:
父组件中:
<Category>
<div>html结构1</div>
</Category>
子组件中:
<template>
<div>
<!-- 定义插槽 -->
<slot>插槽默认内容...</slot>
</div>
</template>
案例2:
Category
<template>
<div class="category">
<h3>{{ title }}分类</h3>
<!-- 定义一个插槽(挖个坑,等着组件的使用者进行填充) -->
<slot></slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Category",
props: ["title"],
};
</script>
<style>
.category {
background-color: skyblue;
width: 200px;
height: 300px;
}
h3 {
/* 文字居中 */
text-align: center;
/*文字背景色 */
background-color: orange;
}
</style>
App
<template>
<div class="container">
<Category title="美食">
<img
src="https://gimg2.baidu.com/image_search/src=http%3A%2F%2Fdpic.tiankong.com%2Fvt%2Ff0%2FQJ6859264761.jpg%3Fx-oss-process%3Dstyle%2Fshows&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fdpic.tiankong.com&app=2002&size=f9999,10000&q=a80&n=0&g=0n&fmt=auto?sec=1665580519&t=c657addcafd3cb106f6e74d7a18eee75"
alt=""
/>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏" :listData="games">
<ul v-for="(game, index) in games" :key="index">
<li>{{ game }}</li>
</ul>
</Category>
<Category title="电影">
<video controls src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4"></video>
</Category>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Category from "./components/Category.vue";
export default {
name: "App",
components: { Category },
data() {
return {
foods: ["火锅", "烧烤", "小龙虾", "牛排"],
games: ["红色警戒", "穿越火线", "劲舞团", "超级玛丽"],
films: ["《教父》", "《拆弹专家》", "《你好,李焕英》"],
};
},
};
</script>
<style>
.container {
/* 横向排开 */
display: flex;
/* 主轴对齐 */
justify-content: space-around;
}
img {
width: 100%;
}
video{
width: 100%;
}
</style>
2.2 具名插槽:
父组件中:
<Category>
<template slot="center">
<div>html结构1</div>
</template>
<template v-slot:footer>
<div>html结构2</div>
</template>
</Category>
子组件中:
<template>
<div>
<!-- 定义插槽 -->
<slot name="center">插槽默认内容...</slot>
<slot name="footer">插槽默认内容...</slot>
</div>
</template>
案例2:
App:
<template>
<div class="container">
<Category title="美食">
<img
slot="center"
src="https://gimg2.baidu.com/image_search/src=http%3A%2F%2Fdpic.tiankong.com%2Fvt%2Ff0%2FQJ6859264761.jpg%3Fx-oss-process%3Dstyle%2Fshows&refer=http%3A%2F%2Fdpic.tiankong.com&app=2002&size=f9999,10000&q=a80&n=0&g=0n&fmt=auto?sec=1665580519&t=c657addcafd3cb106f6e74d7a18eee75"
alt=""
/>
<a slot="footer" href="http://www.baidu.com">更多美食</a>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏" :listData="games">
<ul slot="center" v-for="(game, index) in games" :key="index">
<li>{{ game }}</li>
</ul>
</Category>
<Category title="电影">
<video
slot="center"
controls
src="http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4"
></video>
<!-- 只有在template内,才能使用slot的最新写法v-slot -->
<template v-slot:footer>
<div class="foot">
<a href="http://www.baidu.com">经典</a>
<a href="http://www.baidu.com">热门</a>
<a href="http://www.baidu.com">推荐</a>
</div>
<h4>欢迎前来观影</h4>
</template>
</Category>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Category from "./components/Category.vue";
export default {
name: "App",
components: { Category },
data() {
return {
foods: ["火锅", "烧烤", "小龙虾", "牛排"],
games: ["红色警戒", "穿越火线", "劲舞团", "超级玛丽"],
films: ["《教父》", "《拆弹专家》", "《你好,李焕英》"],
};
},
};
</script>
<style>
.container,
.foot {
/* 横向排开 */
display: flex;
/* 主轴对齐 */
justify-content: space-around;
}
img {
width: 100%;
}
video {
width: 100%;
}
h4 {
text-align: center;
}
</style>
Category
<template>
<div class="category">
<h3>{{ title }}分类</h3>
<!-- 具名插槽 -->
<slot name="center"></slot>
<slot name="footer"></slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Category",
props: ["title"],
};
</script>
<style>
.category {
background-color: skyblue;
width: 200px;
height: 300px;
}
h3 {
/* 文字居中 */
text-align: center;
/*文字背景色 */
background-color: orange;
}
</style>
2.3 作用域插槽
-
理解:数据在组件的自身,但根据数据生成的结构需要组件的使用者来决定。(games数据在Category组件中,但使用数据所遍历出来的结构由App组件决定)
-
具体编码:
父组件中:
<Category>
<template scope="scopeData">
<!-- 生成的是ul列表 -->
<ul>
<li v-for="g in scopeData.games" :key="g">{{g}}</li>
</ul>
</template>
</Category>
<Category>
<template slot-scope="scopeData">
<!-- 生成的是h4标题 -->
<h4 v-for="g in scopeData.games" :key="g">{{g}}</h4>
</template>
</Category>
子组件中:
<template>
<div>
<slot :games="games"></slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Category',
props:['title'],
//数据在子组件自身
data() {
return {
games:['红色警戒','穿越火线','劲舞团','超级玛丽']
}
},
}
</script>
案例2:
App:
<template>
<div class="container">
<Category title="游戏">
<!-- 作用域插槽 -->
<template scope="dingDong">
<div>
<ul>
<li v-for="(game, index) in dingDong.games" :key="index">
{{ game }}
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</template>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏">
<template scope="dingDong">
<div>
<ol>
<li
style="color: red"
v-for="(game, index) in dingDong.games"
:key="index"
>
{{ game }}
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</template>
</Category>
<Category title="游戏"></Category>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Category from "./components/Category.vue";
export default {
name: "App",
components: { Category },
};
</script>
<style>
.container,
.foot {
/* 横向排开 */
display: flex;
/* 主轴对齐 */
justify-content: space-around;
}
img {
width: 100%;
}
video {
width: 100%;
}
h4 {
text-align: center;
}
</style>
Category:
<template>
<div class="category">
<h3>{{ title }}分类</h3>
<slot :games="games"></slot>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Category",
props: ["title"],
data() {
return {
games: ["红色警戒", "穿越火线", "劲舞团", "超级玛丽"],
};
},
};
</script>
<style>
.category {
background-color: skyblue;
width: 200px;
height: 300px;
}
h3 {
/* 文字居中 */
text-align: center;
/*文字背景色 */
background-color: orange;
}
</style>