python绘制往年考研人数柱状图和增长率曲线

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.font_manager import _rebuild
from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter

_rebuild()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 用来正常显示中文标签
    plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

    x1 = np.arange(2009, 2022)
    x2 = x1[1:]
    y1 = np.array([140, 151, 165, 176, 172, 165, 177, 201, 238, 290, 341, 377, 457])
    y2 = (y1[1:] - y1[:-1]) / y1[:-1]

    fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
    bar = ax1.bar(x1, y1)
    ax1.legend(bar, ("考研人数（万人）",), loc=[0.2, -0.155])
    for a, b in zip(x1, y1):
        ax1.text(a, b + 0.05, '%.0f' % b, ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=11)
    ax2 = ax1.twinx()


    def to_percent(value, position):
        return "%1.0f" % (100 * value) + '%'


    ax2.yaxis.set_major_formatter(FuncFormatter(to_percent))
    line = ax2.plot(x2, y2, c='r')
    for a, b in zip(x2, y2):
        ax2.text(a, b, "%.2f" % (100 * b) + '%', ha='center', va='bottom', fontsize=10)

    ax2.legend(line, ("增速",), loc=[0.6, -0.155])
    # ax2.spines['top'].set_visible(False) # 隐藏上边框
    # ax1.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
    ax2.set_title("全球销售额及其增速", fontsize=16)
    input()