Keepalived+LVS服务器高可用集群

问题

使用Keepalived为LVS调度器提供高可用功能，防止调度器单点故障，为用户提供Web服务：

1. 路由器对外公网IP地址为202.114.106.20
2. 路由器内网IP地址为192.168.0.254
3. 路由器需要设置SNAT及DNAT功能
4. LVS1调度器真实IP地址为192.168.0.10
5. LVS2调度器真实IP地址为192.168.0.20
6. 服务器VIP地址设置为192.168.0.253
7. 真实Web服务器地址分别为192.168.0.1、192.168.0.2

方案

使用5台虚拟机，1台作为Linux路由器、2台作为LVS调度器、2台作为Real Server、物理机作为客户端

步骤

步骤一：配置网络环境

1）设置Web服务器网络参数

[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
DNS1=202.106.0.20
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:0
DEVICE=lo:0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.253
NETMASK=255.255.255.255
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
.. ..
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
[root@web1 ~]# sysctl -p
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager

[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
DNS1=202.106.0.20
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:0
DEVICE=lo:0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.253
NETMASK=255.255.255.255
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
.. ..
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
[root@web2 ~]# sysctl -p
[root@web2 ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManage

2）自定义Web页面

[root@web1 ~]# echo “192.168.0.1” > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@web2 ~]# echo “192.168.0.2” > /var/www/html/index.html

3）启动Web服务器软件

[root@web1 ~]# systemctl start httpd;systemctl enable httpd
[root@web2 ~]# systemctl start httpd;systemctl enable httpd

4)设置LVS调度器网络参数

[root@lvs1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
DNS1=202.106.0.20
[root@lvs1 ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager

[root@lvs2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.20
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
DNS1=202.106.0.20
[root@lvs2 ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager

5）设置Linux路由器网络参数

[root@router ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=202.114.106.20
DNS1=202.106.0.20
[root@router ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.254
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
DNS1=202.106.0.20
[root@router ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager

6）设置Linux路由器

[root@router ~]# sed -i ‘/ip_forward/s/0/1/’ sysctl.conf #开启路由转发
[root@router ~]# sysctl -p

步骤二：调度器安装Keepalived与ipvsadm软件

注意：两台LVS调度器执行相同的操作

安装软件

[root@lvs1 ~]# yum install -y keepalived
[root@lvs1 ~]# systemctl enable keepalived
[root@lvs1 ~]# yum install -y ipvsadm
[root@lvs2 ~]# yum install -y keepalived
[root@lvs2 ~]# systemctl enable keepalived
[root@lvs2 ~]# yum install -y ipvsadm

步骤三：部署Keepalived实现LVS-DR模式调度器的高可用

1）LVS1调度器设置Keepalived，并启动服务

[root@lvs1 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
notification_email {
admin@tarena.com.cn //设置报警收件人邮箱
}
notification_email_from ka@localhost //设置发件人
smtp_server 127.0.0.1 //定义邮件服务器
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id lvs1 //设置路由ID号
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER //主服务器为MASTER
interface eth0 //定义网络接口
virtual_router_id 50 //主辅VRID号必须一致
priority 100 //服务器优先级
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type pass
auth_pass forlvs //主辅服务器密码必须一致
}
virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.0.253 }
}
virtual_server 192.168.0.253 80 { //设置VIP为192.168.0.253
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr //设置LVS调度算法为RR
lb_kind DR //设置LVS的模式为DR
persistence_timeout 1
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.0.1 80 {
weight 1 //设置权重为1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.0.2 80 {
weight 2 //设置权重为2
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
[root@lvs1 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@lvs1 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln

2）LVS2调度器设置Keepalived

[root@lvs1 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
notification_email {
admin@tarena.com.cn //设置报警收件人邮箱
}
notification_email_from ka@localhost //设置发件人
smtp_server 127.0.0.1 //定义邮件服务器
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id lvs2 //设置路由ID号
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state SLAVE //从服务器为SLAVE
interface eth0 //定义网络接口
virtual_router_id 50 //主辅VRID号必须一致
priority 50 //服务器优先级
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type pass
auth_pass forlvs //主辅服务器密码必须一致
}
virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.0.253 }
}
virtual_server 192.168.0.253 80 { //设置VIP为192.168.0.253
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr //设置LVS调度算法为RR
lb_kind DR //设置LVS的模式为DR
persistence_timeout 1
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.0.1 80 {
weight 1 //设置权重为1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.0.2 80 {
weight 2 //设置权重为2
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
[root@lvs2 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@lvs2 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln

步骤四：客户端测试

客户端使用curl命令反复连接http://202.114.106.20，查看访问的页面是否会轮询到不同的后端真实服务器。