Strange Counter(maths)

https://www.hackerrank.com/contests/hourrank-11/challenges/strange-code
原题不难，读懂题意即可，不过我自己原来的做法比较暴力，疯狂tle…看到正解以后感动得掉下了眼泪…

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    long long t, i, j, time;
    cin >> t;
    for (i = 1;; i<<=1)
        if (3*((1<<i)-1)>=t)
            break;
    for (j = i>>1;j<=i; j++)
        if (3 * ((1 << j) - 1) >= t)
            break;
    long long ans = 3 * (1 << (j - 1));
    long long cha = t - 3 * ((1 <<( j - 1)) - 1) - 1;
    cout << ans - cha << endl;

    return 0;
}

正解

#include <iostream>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
long long n;
int main() {
    cin >> n;
    long long P = 3;
    while (n > P){
        n -= P;
        P *= 2;
    }
    cout << P - n + 1 << endl;

    return 0;
}