Elasticsearch(6.1+版本)入门语法

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-22 18:56:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-22 18:56:48 发布

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分类专栏：语法文章标签： Elasticsearch 语法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/IAmListening/article/details/94407161

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使用curl操作es

curl与es交互的语法为:

curl -X<VERB> '<PROTOCOL>://<HOST>:<PORT>/<PATH>?<QUERY_STRING>' -d '<BODY>'
# verb http方法有五种: GET, POST, PUT, HEAD, DELETE
# protocol是协议, 默认是http, 因此可以不写
# host主机地址
# port端口号
# QUERY_STRING查询设置
# body是json格式的请求细节
# 一般来说, 也需要使用"-H"指定header, 也就是要指定传递到服务器的自定义头
# 示例如下
curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPUT "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty" -d'{

}'

异常

"Unexpected character ('\"' (code 34)): was expecting comma to separate Object entries\n
# 常见异常, 一般是因为json中的字段, 忘了加逗号

增

curl -X PUT "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/5?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'{
    "first_name": "Carney",
    "last_name": "Willson",
    "age": 24,
    "about": "I love java",
    "try": "243",
    "interests": [ "game", "music" ]
}'

格式解析

1. "?pretty"参数用于使查询结果显示为易读的json
2. megacorp是index, mysql中的database数据库
3. employee是type, 对应表
4. 1是id, 对应行
5. <BODY>中是json键值对, 对应每一列的相应字段

删

curl -X DELETE "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/5?pretty"

改

覆盖更新

和增的语法一样, 不过_version属性会相应增加

curl -X PUT "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/5?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'{
    "first_name": "Carney",
    "last_name": "Willson",
    "age": 14,
    "about": "I love java",
    "try": "243",
    "interests": [ "game", "music" ]
}'

通过API更新指定字段

# 外层的doc不可省略
curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XPOST "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/3/_update?pretty" -d'{
    "doc": {
        "age": 10
    }
}'

查

简单查询

# 默认显示前10条数据(size=10)
# 最简模式
curl -X GET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/3"
# 增强可读性
curl -X GET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty"
# 指定查询条件
curl -X GET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?q=last_name:Smith"

# 很多nosql都支持json查询, 但是规则各异
curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -X GET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/_search" -d'{
    "query" : {
        "match" : {
            "last_name" : "Smith"
        }
    }
}'

# 此外, 还支持如下字段
{
    "query": {
        # 显示多少行, 默认是10
        "size": 1,
        # 从哪个角标开始搜索, 默认是0
        "from": 10,
        # 查询所有字段
        "match_all": {},
        "sort": {
            "name": {
                "order": "desc"
            }
        },
        # 指定要显示的字段
        "_source": ["name", "age"]
    }
}

多条件组合查询

{
    "query": {
        "match": {
            # 名字中有carney 或 willson
            "name": "carney willson"
        }
    }
}
{
    "query": {
        "match_phrase": {
            # 名字中有短语: carney willson
            "name": "carney willson"
        }
    }
}
{
    "query": {
        "bool": {
            # must是且的逻辑, should是或的逻辑, must_not是否的逻辑
            "must": [
                {
                    "match": {
                        "name": "carney"
                    }
                }, 
                {
                    "match": {
                        "name": "willson"
                    }
                }
            ],
            # 逗号分隔的这两个关系之间, 是且的逻辑
            "must_not": [
                {
                    "match": {
                        "age": 18
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }
    
}
# bool的值中, 还可以使用filter过滤
# range也是常用的一个键(方法)
{
    "query": {
        "bool": {
            "mast": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "range": {
                    "age": {
                        "gte": 18,
                        "lte": 28
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

聚合

# 简单分组
curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XGET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty" -d'{
    # 不显示非聚合的信息
    "size": 0,
    "aggs": {
        # 指定聚合后的字段名, 可以任意指定, 但要符合逻辑
        "group_by_last_name": {
            "terms": {
                # XX.keyword是固定语法, 显示count
                "field": "last_name.keyword"
            }
        }
    }
}'
# 排序和过滤
curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XGET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty" -d'{
    "size": 0,
    "query": {
        "bool": {
            "filter": {
                "range": {
                    "age": {
                        # 大于等于, 和shell的语法一样
                        "gte": 0,
                        "lte": 25
                    }
                }
            }
        }  
    },
    "aggs": {
        "group_by_last_name": {
            "terms": {
                "field": "last_name.keyword",
                "order": { "max_age": "desc" }
            },
            # 注意aggs是和terms对齐的, 聚合查询都要严格嵌套
            "aggs": {
                # "max_age"的命名可变
                "max_age": {
                    "max": {
                        "field": "age"
                    }
                }
            }
        }            
    }
}'

# 范围分组和其它聚合函数
curl -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -XGET "node243:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty" -d'{
    "size": 0,
    "aggs": {
        "group_by_age": {
            "range": {
                "field": "age",
                "ranges": [
                    {
                        # [from, to), 包前不包后
                        "from": 0,
                        "to": 25
                    },
                    {
                        "from": 25,
                        "to": 100
                    }
                ]
            },
            "aggs": {
                "min_age": {
                    "min": {
                        "field": "age"
                    }
                },
                "avg_age": {
                    "avg": {
                        "field": "age"
                    }
                }
            }
        }            
    }
}'

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Elasticsearch(6.1+版本)入门语法

使用curl操作escurl与es交互的语法为:curl -X<VERB> '<PROTOCOL>://<HOST>:<PORT>/<PATH>?<QUERY_STRING>' -d '<BODY>'# verb http方法有五种: GET, POST, PUT, HEAD, DELETE# protoc...
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