列表生成式
import random
# li = []# for i in range(10):
# li.append(random.randint(1,10))
# # 普通的列表生成式;
# print([random.randint(1,10) for i in range(10)])
# print([i*i for i in range(1,8)])
# 升级版本
# 1. 找出1~10之间所有的偶数;
# print([i for i in range(1,11) if i%2==0])
# 2. 找出1~1000之间所有的质数;
# def isPrime(num):
# pass
# print([i for i in range(1,1001) if isPrime(i)])
# # 3.for嵌套for循环;
# # 'ABC', '123'
# print([i+j for i in 'ABC' for j in '123'])
列表生成式练习
# 找出/var/log/目录中,所有以.log结尾的文件名或者目录名;
# os.listdir('/var/log/')
# if
import osprint([filename for filename in os.listdir('/var/log') if filename.endswith('.log')])
# 2. 将列表中所有内容都变为小写;
li = ['frdgrfgdsHHJJ', 'cdsfregHHHJDGF']
print([i.lower() for i in li])
字典生成式
# d = dict(a=1,b=2)
# print("小写的字典:", d)
# 1. 需求1: 将所有的key值变为大写;
## 传统方法:
# new_d = {}
# for i in d: # 'a' 'b'
# new_d[i.upper()] = d[i]
# print("key转化为大写的字典:", new_d)
## 升级
# print({k.upper():v for k,v in d.items()})
# # 需求2:大小写key值合并, 统一以小写key值输出;
d = dict(a=2, b=1, c=2, B=9, A=5)
## 字典生成式:
print({k.lower():d.get(k.lower(),0)+d.get(k.upper(),0) for k in d})
# 传统方法:
# # {'a':2, 'b':1, 'c':2}
# new_d = {}
# for k, v in d.items():
# low_k = k.lower()
# if low_k not in new_d:
# new_d[low_k] = v
# else:
# new_d[low_k] += v
# print(new_d)
# new_d = {}
# for k,v in d.items():
# lower_k = k.lower()
# if lower_k in new_d:
# new_d[lower_k] += d[k]
# else:
# new_d[lower_k] = d[k]
# print(new_d)
# new_d = {k.lower():d.get(k.lower(),0)+d.get(k.upper(),0) for k in d}
# print(new_d)
# # # 需求3: 把字典的key和value值调换;
# d = {'a':'1', 'b':'2'}
# print({v:k for k,v in d.items()})
集合生成式
print({i ** 2 for i in {1, 2, 3}})
print({i ** 2 for i in {1, 2, 3, 9, 12} if i % 3 == 0})