25-Kubernetes-数据存储-配置存储

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前言

• 本篇来学习数据存储中的配置存储

ConfigMap

ConfigMap是一种比较特殊的存储卷，它的主要作用是用来存储配置信息的。

1. 创建configmap.yaml，内容如下：

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: configmap
  namespace: dev
data:
  info: |
    username:admin
    password:123456

2. 接下来，使用此配置文件创建configmap

# 创建configmap
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f configmap.yaml
configmap/configmap created

# 查看configmap详情
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe cm configmap -n dev
Name:         configmap
Namespace:    dev
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>

Data
====
info:
----
username:admin
password:123456

Events:  <none>

3. 接下来创建一个pod-configmap.yaml，将上面创建的configmap挂载进去

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-configmap
  namespace: dev
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.17.1
    volumeMounts: # 将configmap挂载到目录
    - name: config
      mountPath: /configmap/config
  volumes: # 引用configmap
  - name: config
    configMap:
      name: configmap

# 创建pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f pod-configmap.yaml
pod/pod-configmap created

# 查看pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod pod-configmap -n dev
NAME            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod-configmap   1/1     Running   0          13s

# 进入容器
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it pod-configmap -n dev /bin/sh
# cd /configmap/config/
# ls
info
# more info
username:admin
password:123456

# 可以看到映射已经成功，每个configmap都映射成了一个目录
# key--->文件     value---->文件中的内容
# 此时如果更新configmap的内容, 容器中的值也会动态更新

Secret

在kubernetes中，还存在一种和ConfigMap非常类似的对象，称为Secret对象。它主要用于存储敏感信息，例如密码、秘钥、证书等等。

1. 首先使用base64对数据进行编码

[root@master ~]# echo -n 'admin' | base64
YWRtaW4=
[root@master ~]# echo -n '123456' | base64
MTIzNDU2

2. 接下来编写secret.yaml，并创建Secret

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: secret
  namespace: dev
type: Opaque
data:
  username: YWRtaW4=
  password: MTIzNDU2

# 创建secret 
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f secret.yaml
secret/secret created

# 查看secret 详情
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe secret secret -n dev
Name:         secret
Namespace:    dev
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>

Type:  Opaque

Data
====
username:  5 bytes
password:  6 bytes

3. 创建pod-secret.yaml，将上面创建的secret挂载进去：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-secret
  namespace: dev
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx:1.17.1
    volumeMounts: # 将secret挂载到目录
    - name: config
      mountPath: /secret/config
  volumes:
  - name: config
    secret:
      secretName: secret

# 创建pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f pod-secret.yaml
pod/pod-secret created

# 查看pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod pod-secret -n dev
NAME         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod-secret   1/1     Running   0          7s

# 进入容器，查看secret信息，发现已经自动解码了
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it pod-secret /bin/sh -n dev
# ls /secret/config/
password  username
# more /secret/config/username
admin
# more /secret/config/password
123456