安装APK流程

1. 打包APK并进行系统签名

系统签名是为了获得系统权限，比如实现关机指令。
用到系统权限的apk，起签名必须使用系统签名，否则安装不上，会报错误。
详情可以参考这篇文章。
Android studio打包APK流程及给APK系统签名步骤

2. APK安装

2.1 图形界面安装

图形界面安装较为简单：

1. 在文件管理中找到 apk 文件进行安装
2. 允许各权限后，即可安装成功

2.2 指令安装

有两种方式可以在android模拟器或真机上使用命令行安装apk

一种是使用adb install命令，网上通常是这种方式

另一种是通过android提供的命令，pm install。

需要先进入android命令行：adb shell

然后执行对应pm命令。

我使用的为Android下的pm命令，以后有机会再写一篇另一种方式

2.2.1 Usage

usage: pm [list|path|install|uninstall]
       pm list packages [-f]
       pm list permission-groups
       pm list permissions [-g] [-f] [-d] [-u] [GROUP]
       pm list instrumentation [-f] [TARGET-PACKAGE]
       pm list features
       pm path PACKAGE
       pm install [-l] [-r] [-t] [-i INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME] [-s] [-f] PATH
       pm uninstall [-k] PACKAGE
       pm enable PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
       pm disable PACKAGE_OR_COMPONENT
       pm setInstallLocation [0/auto] [1/internal] [2/external]

The list packages command prints all packages.  Options:
  -f: see their associated file.

The list permission-groups command prints all known
permission groups.

The list permissions command prints all known
permissions, optionally only those in GROUP.  Options:
  -g: organize by group.
  -f: print all information.
  -s: short summary.
  -d: only list dangerous permissions.
  -u: list only the permissions users will see.

The list instrumentation command prints all instrumentations,
or only those that target a specified package.  Options:
  -f: see their associated file.

The list features command prints all features of the system.

The path command prints the path to the .apk of a package.

The install command installs a package to the system.  Options:
  -l: install the package with FORWARD_LOCK.
  -r: reinstall an exisiting app, keeping its data.
  -t: allow test .apks to be installed.
  -i: specify the installer package name.
  -s: install package on sdcard.
  -f: install package on internal flash.

The uninstall command removes a package from the system. Options:
  -k: keep the data and cache directories around.
after the package removal.

The enable and disable commands change the enabled state of
a given package or component (written as "package/class").

The getInstallLocation command gets the current install location
  0 [auto]: Let system decide the best location
  1 [internal]: Install on internal device storage
  2 [external]: Install on external media

The setInstallLocation command changes the default install location
  0 [auto]: Let system decide the best location
  1 [internal]: Install on internal device storage
  2 [external]: Install on external media

2.2.2 具体使用方法

1. 察看已安装的包：
   pm list package
   此时则显示所有已经安装的包名。

   pm list package -f
   也显示associated文件所在目录(即保存的APK文件)

2. 察看已知的权限组：
   pm list permission-groups

3. 察看所有已知的权限：
   pm list permissions

4. 列出所有硬件相关信息：
   pm list features

5. 列出指定包名的 associated 文件 (APK存档文件) 所在：
   例如：
   pm path com.TDiJoy.fane
   package:/mnt/asec/com.TDiJoy.fane-1/pkg.apk

6. 安装APK：
   pm install [-l] [-r] [-t] [-i INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME] [-s] [-f] PATH

   PATH 指 APK文件绝对路径和文件名。

   例如：
   pm install /data/3dijoy_fane.apk

   这几个参数很有用：

    -r: 安装一个已经安装的APK，保持其数据不变。
    -i：指定安装的包名。(没试出来)
    -s: 安装到SDCard上。
    -f: 安装到内部Flash上。
   

7. 卸载APK：
   pm uninstall 包名。
   这里注意一定是包名！包名可以使用pm list package获得。
   例如：
   pm uninstall com.TDiJoy.fane

8. 得到和设置缺省安装位置：
   The getInstallLocation command gets the current install location
   0 [auto]: Let system decide the best location
   1 [internal]: Install on internal device storage
   2 [external]: Install on external media

   The setInstallLocation command changes the default install location
   0 [auto]: Let system decide the best location
   1 [internal]: Install on internal device storage
   2 [external]: Install on external media

   pm getInstallLocation
   得到缺省的安装位置。

   设置：
   pm setInstallLocation <0|1|2>

   0: 自动。
   1：内部Flash。
   2：扩展存储设备。