HttpClient简单使用

httpclient是Java的http协议客户端，用于抓取网页
首先pom.xml文件导入依赖

	<!--HttpClient-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
      <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
      <version>4.5.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--日志-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

添加log4j.properties日志配置文件

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,A1
log4j.logger.cn.itcast=DEBUG
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] [%c]-[%p] %m%n

接下来给出httpclient的get/post请求方式即带参不带参的例子，使用起来不难，可作为参考
GET请求

package com.spride.demo.testHttp;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;

public class HttpGetTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //打开浏览器
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //目标网址,发起get请求创建httpGET对象
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com/");
        //发起请求，返回响应
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        //解析响应
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(content);
        }
        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

GET带参请求

package com.spride.demo.testHttp;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;

public class HttpGetParamTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
        //打开浏览器
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //创建URLBuilder
        URIBuilder urlBuilder = new URIBuilder("http://yun.itheima.com/search");
        //设置参数
        urlBuilder.setParameter("keys","java");
        //目标网址,发起get请求创建httpGET对象
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(urlBuilder.build());
        //发起请求，返回响应
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        //解析响应
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(content);
        }
        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

POST请求
post不带参请求其实和get不带参请求差不多，只是将HttpGet换为HttpPost

package com.spride.demo.testHttp;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;

public class HttpPostTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //打开浏览器
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //目标网址,发起get请求创建httpGET对象
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("https://www.baidu.com");
        //发起请求，返回响应
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        //解析响应
        if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8");
            System.out.println(content);
        }
        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

POST带参请求
post带参请求需要将参数进行封装

package com.spride.demo.testHttp;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class HttpPostParamTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建HttpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //创建HttpPost对象，设置访问地址
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://yun.itheima.com/search");
        //声明list集合，封装表单中的参数
        List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<>();
        params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("keys", "java"));
        //创建表单的entity对象
        UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "utf8");
        //设置表单的entity对象到post请求中
        httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
        //发起请求，返回响应
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        //解析响应
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "utf8");
            System.out.println(content.length());
        }
        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

Httpclien连接池

package com.spride.demo.testHttp;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class HttpClientPoolTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建连接池管理器
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        //设置最大连接数
        cm.setMaxTotal(100);
        //设置每个主机最大连接数
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(10);
        //使用连接池管理器发起请求
        doGet(cm);
    }

    private static void doGet(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm) throws IOException {
        //不是每次创建新的httpclient，而是从连接池中获取
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://yun.itheima.com/search");
        List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<>();
        parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("keys","java"));
        UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, "utf8");
        httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
        if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
            System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
        }
        response.close();
    }
}

Httpclient请求参数配置

package com.spride.demo.testHttp;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;

public class HttpConfigTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //打开浏览器
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //目标网址,发起get请求创建httpGET对象
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com/");
        //配置请求信息
        RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(1000)
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(500)
                .setSocketTimeout(10*1000)
                .build();
        //设置请求信息
        httpGet.setConfig(config);
        //发起请求，返回响应
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
        //解析响应
        if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "utf-8");
            System.out.println(content);
        }
        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

HttpClient的简单使用，通过上面的例子，很容易就可以上手