⾃定义lambda接⼝流程
- 定义⼀个函数式接⼝ 需要标注此接⼝ @FunctionalInterface,否则万⼀团队成员在接⼝上加
了其他⽅法则容易出故障 - 编写⼀个⽅法,输⼊需要操做的数据和接⼝
- 在调⽤⽅法时传⼊数据 和 lambda 表达式,⽤来操作数据
需求,定义⼀个可以使⽤加减乘除的接⼝ 以前需要定义4个⽅法
使⽤Lambda表达式后
@FunctionalInterface
public interface OperFunction<R,T> {
R operator(T t1, T t2);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.out.println(operator(20, 5, (Integer x, Integer y) -> {
return x * y;
}));
System.out.println(operator(20, 5, (x, y) -> x + y));
System.out.println(operator(20, 5, (x, y) -> x - y));
System.out.println(operator(20, 5, (x, y) -> x / y));
}
public static Integer operator(Integer x, Integer y,
OperFunction<Integer, Integer> of) {
return of.operator(x, y);
}
java 内置的函数式接口
Java8 内置的四⼤核⼼函数式接⼝
Consumer<T> : 消费型接⼝:有⼊参,⽆返回值
void accept(T t);
Supplier<T> : 供给型接⼝:⽆⼊参,有返回值
T get();
Function<T, R> : 函数型接⼝:有⼊参,有返回值
R apply(T t);
Predicate<T> : 断⾔型接⼝:有⼊参,有返回值,返回值类型确定是boolean
boolean test(T t);
- Function
- 传⼊⼀个值经过函数的计算返回另⼀个值
- T:⼊参类型,R:出参类型
调⽤⽅法:R apply(T t)
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Function<T, R> {
/**
* Applies this function to the given argument.
*
* @param t the function argument
* @return the function result
*/
R apply(T t);
}
- 作⽤:将转换逻辑提取出来,解耦合
- 不要看过于复杂,就是⼀个接⼝,下⾯是⾃定义实现
public class FunctionObj implements Function {
@Override
public Object apply(Object o) {
return o+"经过apply处理拼接上了";
}
}
- 常规使用
// 输出⼊参的10倍
Function<Integer, Integer> func = p -> p * 100;
func.apply(100);
- BiFunction
- Function只能接收⼀个参数,如果要传递两个参数,则⽤ BiFunction
@FunctionalInterface
public interface BiFunction<T, U, R> {
R apply(T t, U u);
}
- 需求: 上两节课,两个数的四则运算
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(operator(10,21,(a,b)->a+b));
System.out.println(operator(10,2,(a,b)->a-b));
System.out.println(operator(8,4,(a,b)->a*b));
System.out.println(operator(10,2,(a,b)->a/b));
}
public static Integer operator(Integer a, Integer b, BiFunction<Integer,
Integer, Integer> bf) {
return bf.apply(a, b);
}
- Consumer
- Consumer 消费型接⼝:有⼊参,⽆返回值
- 将 T 作为输⼊,不返回任何内容
调⽤⽅法:void accept(T t);
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Consumer<T> {
void accept(T t);
}
- ⽤途: 因为没有出参,常⽤于打印、发送短信等消费动作
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Consumer<String> consumer = obj->{
System.out.println(obj);
System.out.println("调⽤短信接⼝发送短信,或者打印⽇志");
};
// sendMsg("8888888",obj->{
// System.out.println(obj);
// System.out.println("调⽤短信接⼝发送短信,或者打印⽇志");
// });
sendMsg("8888888",consumer);
}
public static void sendMsg(String phone,Consumer<String> consumer){
consumer.accept(phone);
}
- 典型应⽤,集合的foreach
List<String> list = Arrays.asList("aaa","bbb");
list.forEach(obj->{
//TODO
});
- Supplier
- Supplier: 供给型接⼝:⽆⼊参,有返回值
- T:出参类型;没有⼊参
调⽤⽅法:T get();
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Supplier<T> {
T get();
}
- ⽤途: 泛型⼀定和⽅法的返回值类型是⼀种类型,如果需要获得⼀个数据,并且不需要传⼊参数,可以使⽤Supplier接⼝,例如 ⽆参的⼯⼚⽅法,即⼯⼚设计模式创建对象,简单来说就是 提供者
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Student student = new Student();
Student student = newStudent();
System.out.println(student.getName());
}
public static Student newStudent(){
Supplier<Student> supplier = ()-> {
Student student = new Student();
student.setName("默认名称");
return student;
};
return supplier.get();
}
class Student{
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
- Predicate
- Predicate: 断⾔型接⼝:有⼊参,有返回值,返回值类型确定是boolean
- T:⼊参类型;出参类型是Boolean
调⽤⽅法:boolean test(T t);
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Predicate<T> {
boolean test(T t);
}
- ⽤途: 接收⼀个参数,⽤于判断是否满⾜⼀定的条件,过滤数据
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> list =
Arrays.asList("awewrwe","vdssdsd","aoooo","psdddsd");
List<String> results = filter(list,obj->obj.startsWith("a"));
System.out.println(results);
}
public static List<String> filter(List<String> list,
Predicate<String> predicate) {
List<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
for (String str : list) {
if (predicate.test(str)) {
results.add(str);
}
}
return results;
}