Android 调用系统相机部分源码分析

本文主要记录分析Android 系统相机部分源码

• 调用系统相机

Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);  
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);  

Intent 的action是 MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE

• 系统响应的类是(调用系统相机，不考虑第三方注册，比如这篇注册为系统相机)
  
  • 在线源码地址：http://androidxref.com/(源码见最下面)
  • 调用类名：com.android.camera.Camera
  • 源码版本 7.1.1_r6（android最新版）
  • 类全路径：/packages/apps/LegacyCamera/src/com/android/camera/Camera.java
    [注意] 不同android版本文件路径不一样，比如：
    2.3.7 ：/packages/apps/Camera/src/com/android/camera/Camera.java
    4.0.3_r1 ： /packages/apps/LegacyCamera/src/com/android/camera/Camera.java

• 只关心获取Intent参数部分和返回结果部分

  • 获取Intent参数

    1. mQuickCapture = getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_QUICK_CAPTURE, false);
    2. private boolean isImageCaptureIntent() {
       return (MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE.equals(action));
       }
    3. private void setupCaptureParams() {
       Bundle myExtras = getIntent().getExtras();
       if (myExtras != null) {
       mSaveUri = (Uri) myExtras.getParcelable(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT);
       mCropValue = myExtras.getString(“crop”);
       }
       }
       可以看出只支持三个参数
    4. 根据action 判断是否 ImageCapture
    5. 根据参数 android.intent.extra.quickCapture to return as soon as capturing is completed.
    6. 输出路径 MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT
    7. “crop” .equals(“circle”) 是裁剪使用的，也就是说支持直接拍完照裁剪

  • 返回结果 doAttach() 函数里
    需要裁剪就内部调用裁剪功能，不需要裁剪时，判断是否有输出Uri，有输出就直接保存，没有就返回Bitmap setResultEx(RESULT_OK, new Intent("inline-data").putExtra("data", bitmap));

• 系统自带的人脸识别
  Camera.setFaceDetectionListener(FaceDetectionListener listener)
  在回调里更新FaceView的位置
  public void onFaceDetection(Face[] faces, android.hardware.Camera camera);
  FaceView 源码位置 ：
  /packages/apps/LegacyCamera/src/com/android/camera/ui/FaceView.java
  不过这个自带的人脸识别已经弃用了，当然其功能还是可以使用的。

• 关于默认打开前置摄像头
  从源代码里，Intent不支持传参数控制开哪个摄像头，但是网上有代码可以支持部分手机

intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); intent.putExtra("android.intent.extras.CAMERA_FACING", android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT); // 调用前置摄像头 startActivityForResult(intent, 1);

源码里控制哪个相机打开的代码的是 Camera.java#getPreferredCameraId(),而里面是
1.从SharePreference里获得存储的默认的cameraId，应该是部分系统应用商可以在此处做文章，这只适用于Android Source的开发者，对于普通app开发，原谅我还没有找到好方式注入
2.确实可以Intent传参数打开摄像头，此处修复上文一个bug,
代码在/packages/apps/LegacyCamera/src/com/android/camera/Util.java#getCameraFacingIntentExtras , string tag 是 “android.intent.extras.CAMERA_FACING”,

[附] 源代码：/packages/apps/LegacyCamera/src/com/android/camera/Camera.java

package com.android.camera;

import com.android.camera.ui.CameraPicker;
import com.android.camera.ui.FaceView;
import com.android.camera.ui.IndicatorControlContainer;
import com.android.camera.ui.PopupManager;
import com.android.camera.ui.Rotatable;
import com.android.camera.ui.RotateImageView;
import com.android.camera.ui.RotateLayout;
import com.android.camera.ui.RotateTextToast;
import com.android.camera.ui.SharePopup;
import com.android.camera.ui.ZoomControl;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.ContentProviderClient;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo;
import android.hardware.Camera.Face;
import android.hardware.Camera.FaceDetectionListener;
import android.hardware.Camera.Parameters;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.hardware.Camera.Size;
import android.location.Location;
import android.media.CameraProfile;
import android.media.MediaActionSound;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.MessageQueue;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.GestureDetector;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.OrientationEventListener;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Formatter;
import java.util.List;

/** The Camera activity which can preview and take pictures. */
public class Camera extends ActivityBase implements FocusManager.Listener,
        View.OnTouchListener, ShutterButton.OnShutterButtonListener,
        SurfaceHolder.Callback, ModePicker.OnModeChangeListener,
        FaceDetectionListener, CameraPreference.OnPreferenceChangedListener,
        LocationManager.Listener {
   

    private static final String TAG = "camera";

    private static final int CROP_MSG = 1;
    private static final int FIRST_TIME_INIT = 2;
    private static final int CLEAR_SCREEN_DELAY = 3;
    private static final int SET_CAMERA_PARAMETERS_WHEN_IDLE = 4;
    private static final int CHECK_DISPLAY_ROTATION = 5;
    private static final int SHOW_TAP_TO_FOCUS_TOAST = 6;
    private static final int UPDATE_THUMBNAIL = 7;

    // The subset of parameters we need to update in setCameraParameters().
    private static final int UPDATE_PARAM_INITIALIZE = 1;
    private static final int UPDATE_PARAM_ZOOM = 2;
    private static final int UPDATE_PARAM_PREFERENCE = 4;
    private static final int UPDATE_PARAM_ALL = -1;

    // When setCameraParametersWhenIdle() is called, we accumulate the subsets
    // needed to be updated in mUpdateSet.
    private int mUpdateSet;

    private static final int SCREEN_DELAY = 2 * 60 * 1000;

    private static final int ZOOM_STOPPED = 0;
    private static final int ZOOM_START = 1;
    private static final int ZOOM_STOPPING = 2;

    private int mZoomState = ZOOM_STOPPED;
    private boolean mSmoothZoomSupported = false;
    private int mZoomValue;  // The current zoom value.
    private int mZoomMax;
    private int mTargetZoomValue;
    private ZoomControl mZoomControl;

    private Parameters mParameters;
    private Parameters mInitialParams;
    private boolean mFocusAreaSupported;
    private boolean mMeteringAreaSupported;
    private boolean mAeLockSupported;
    private boolean mAwbLockSupported;

    private MyOrientationEventListener mOrientationListener;
    // The degrees of the device rotated clockwise from its natural orientation.
    private int mOrientation = OrientationEventListener.ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN;
    // The orientation compensation for icons and thumbnails. Ex: if the value
    // is 90, the UI components should be rotated 90 degrees counter-clockwise.
    private int mOrientationCompensation = 0;
    private ComboPreferences mPreferences;

    private static final String sTempCropFilename = "crop-temp";

    private ContentProviderClient mMediaProviderClient;
    private SurfaceHolder mSurfaceHolder = null;
    private ShutterButton mShutterButton;
    private GestureDetector mPopupGestureDetector;
    private boolean mOpenCameraFail = false;
    private boolean mCameraDisabled = false;
    private boolean mFaceDetectionStarted = false;

    private View mPreviewPanel;  // The container of PreviewFrameLayout.
    private PreviewFrameLayout mPreviewFrameLayout;
    private View mPreviewFrame;  // Preview frame area.
    private RotateDialogController mRotateDialog;

    // A popup window that contains a bigger thumbnail and a list of apps to share.
    private SharePopup mSharePopup;
    // The bitmap of the last captured picture thumbnail and the URI of the
    // original picture.
    private Thumbnail mThumbnail;
    // An imageview showing showing the last captured picture thumbnail.
    private RotateImageView mThumbnailView;
    private ModePicker mModePicker;
    private FaceView mFaceView;
    private RotateLayout mFocusAreaIndicator;
    private Rotatable mReviewCancelButton;
    private Rotatable mReviewDoneButton;

    // mCropValue and mSaveUri are used only if isImageCaptureIntent() is true.
    private String mCropValue;
    private Uri mSaveUri;

    // Small indicators which show the camera settings in the viewfinder.
    private TextView mExposureIndicator;
    private ImageView mGpsIndicator;
    private ImageView mFlashIndicator;
    private ImageView mSceneIndicator;
    private ImageView mWhiteBalanceIndicator;
    private ImageView mFocusIndicator;
    // A view group that contains all the small indicators.
    private Rotatable mOnScreenIndicators;

    // We use a thread in ImageSaver to do the work of saving images and
    // generating thumbnails. This reduces the shot-to-shot time.
    private ImageSaver mImageSaver;

    private MediaActionSound mCameraSound;

    private Runnable mDoSnapRunnable = new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            onShutterButtonClick();
        }
    };

    private final StringBuilder mBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    private final Formatter mFormatter = new Formatter(mBuilder);
    private final Object[] mFormatterArgs = new Object[1];

    /**
     * An unpublished intent flag requesting to return as soon as capturing
     * is completed.
     *
     * TODO: consider publishing by moving into MediaStore.
     */
    private static final String EXTRA_QUICK_CAPTURE =
            "android.intent.extra.quickCapture";

    // The display rotation in degrees. This is only valid when mCameraState is
    // not PREVIEW_STOPPED.
    private int mDisplayRotation;
    // The value for android.hardware.Camera.setDisplayOrientation.
    private int mDisplayOrientation;
    private boolean mPausing;
    private boolean mFirstTimeInitialized;
    private boolean mIsImageCaptureIntent;

    private static final int PREVIEW_STOPPED = 0;
    private static final int IDLE = 1;  // preview is active
    // Focus is in progress. The exact focus state is in Focus.java.
    private static final int FOCUSING = 2;
    private static final int SNAPSHOT_IN_PROGRESS = 3;
    private int mCameraState = PREVIEW_STOPPED;
    private boolean mSnapshotOnIdle = false;

    private ContentResolver mContentResolver;
    private boolean mDidRegister = false;

    private LocationManager mLocationManager;

    private final ShutterCallback mShutterCallback = new ShutterCallback();
    private final PostViewPictureCallback mPostViewPictureCallback =
            new PostViewPictureCallback();
    private final RawPictureCallback mRawPictureCallback =
            new RawPictureCallback();
    private final AutoFocusCallback mAutoFocusCallback =
            new AutoFocusCallback();
    private final ZoomListener mZoomListener = new ZoomListener();
    private final CameraErrorCallback mErrorCallback = new CameraErrorCallback();

    private long mFocusStartTime;
    private long mCaptureStartTime;
    private long mShutterCallbackTime;
    private long mPostViewPictureCallbackTime;
    private long mRawPictureCallbackTime;
    private long mJpegPictureCallbackTime;
    private long mOnResumeTime;
    private long mPicturesRemaining;
    private byte[] mJpegImageData;

    // These latency time are for the CameraLatency test.
    public long mAutoFocusTime;
    public long mShutterLag;
    public long mShutterToPictureDisplayedTime;
    public long mPictureDisplayedToJpegCallbackTime;
    public long mJpegCallbackFinishTime;

    // This handles everything about focus.
    private FocusManager mFocusManager;
    private String mSceneMode;
    private Toast mNotSelectableToast;
    private Toast mNoShareToast;

    private final Handler mHandler = new MainHandler();
    private IndicatorControlContainer mIndicatorControlContainer;
    private PreferenceGroup mPreferenceGroup;

    // multiple cameras support
    private int mNumberOfCameras;
    private int mCameraId;
    private int mFrontCameraId;
    private int mBackCameraId;

    private boolean mQuickCapture;

    /**
     * This Handler is used to post message back onto the main thread of the
     * application
     */
    private class MainHandler extends Handler {
   
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                case CLEAR_SCREEN_DELAY: {
                    getWindow().clearFlags(
                            WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
                    break;
                }

                case FIRST_TIME_INIT: {
                    initializeFirstTime();
                    break;
                }

                case SET_CAMERA_PARAMETERS_WHEN_IDLE: {
                    setCameraParametersWhenIdle(0);
                    break;
                }

                case CHECK_DISPLAY_ROTATION: {
                    // Set the display orientation if display rotation has changed.
                    // Sometimes this happens when the device is held upside
                    // down and camera app is opened. Rotation animation will
                    // take some time and the rotation value we have got may be
                    // wrong. Framework does not have a callback for this now.
                    if (Util.getDisplayRotation(Camera.this) != mDisplayRotation) {
                        setDisplayOrientation();
                    }
                    if (SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - mOnResumeTime < 5000) {
                        mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(CHECK_DISPLAY_ROTATION, 100);
                    }
                    break;
                }

                case SHOW_TAP_TO_FOCUS_TOAST: {
                    showTapToFocusToast();
                    break;
                }

                case UPDATE_THUMBNAIL: {
                    mImageSaver.updateThumbnail();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void resetExposureCompensation() {
        String value = mPreferences.getString(CameraSettings.KEY_EXPOSURE,
                CameraSettings.EXPOSURE_DEFAULT_VALUE);
        if (!CameraSettings.EXPOSURE_DEFAULT_VALUE.equals(value)) {
            Editor editor = mPreferences.edit();
            editor.putString(CameraSettings.KEY_EXPOSURE, "0");
            editor.apply();
            if (mIndicatorControlContainer != null) {
                mIndicatorControlContainer.reloadPreferences();
            }
        }
    }

    private void keepMediaProviderInstance() {
        // We want to keep a reference to MediaProvider in camera's lifecycle.
        // TODO: Utilize mMediaProviderClient instance to replace
        // ContentResolver calls.
        if (mMediaProviderClient == null) {
            mMediaProviderClient = getContentResolver()
                    .acquireContentProviderClient(MediaStore.AUTHORITY);
        }
    }

    // Snapshots can only be taken after this is called. It should be called
    // once only. We could have done these things in onCreate() but we want to
    // make preview screen appear as soon as possible.