使用PAPI进行性能测试

一、简介

  PAPI(Performance Application Programming Interface)是一个跨平台的性能计数接口工具集。它提供了一套标准化的API,用于访问硬件性能监测计数器(PMU),在软件中实现高精度的性能分析与优化。

参考：PAPI性能测试工具的安装、使用及实例 - Satchmo丶 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

 

二、下载安装

下载地址：PAPI (utk.edu)
 
安装教程：~/papi-7.0.1/src/INSTALL.txt

# ./configure --help 可以提示修改默认安装路径
./configure
make
make install

# 需要将安装库路径添加到环境变量中
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
ldconfig

 

三、示例

PAPI示例程序在papi-7.0.1/src/examples目录中，入门参考PAPI_add_remove_event.c。
 
以下示例是为了检测每次循环执行过程的事件信息。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "papi.h"

#define NUM_EVENTS 10
#define LOOPS 10
#define SLEEP_TIME 1

#define FUNC_BEGIN() { printf("%s begin.\n", __FUNCTION__); }
#define FUNC_END() { printf("%s end.\n", __FUNCTION__); }

#define ERROR_RETURN(retval)                                                \
{                                                                           \
    fprintf(stderr, "Error:%d, %s:%d\n", retval, __FILE__, __LINE__);       \
    exit(retval);                                                           \
}

int event_set = PAPI_NULL;
int event_num = 0;
long long values[LOOPS][NUM_EVENTS] = {0};

int PAPI_init()
{
    int retval = 0;

    if ((retval = PAPI_library_init(PAPI_VER_CURRENT)) != PAPI_VER_CURRENT)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    if ((retval = PAPI_create_eventset(&event_set)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    /* Add Total Instructions Executed to the event_set */
    if ((retval = PAPI_add_event(event_set, PAPI_TOT_INS)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    /* Add Total Cycles event to the event_set */
    if ((retval = PAPI_add_event(event_set, PAPI_TOT_CYC)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    /* get the number of events in the event set */
    if ((retval = PAPI_list_events(event_set, NULL, &event_num)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    /* Start counting */
    if ((retval = PAPI_start(event_set)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    return 0;
}

void display()
{
    int i, j;
    int retval = 0;
    int event[NUM_EVENTS] = {0};
    char event_name[PAPI_MAX_STR_LEN];

    printf("There are %d events in the event set\n", event_num);
    if ((retval = PAPI_list_events(event_set, event, &event_num)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);
    for (i = 0; i < event_num; i++) {
        PAPI_event_code_to_name(event[i], event_name);
        printf("%-15s\t", event_name);
    }
    printf("\n");

    for (i = 0; i < LOOPS; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < event_num; j++)
            printf("%-15lld\t", values[i][j]);
        printf("\n");
    }
}

int PAPI_uninit()
{
    int retval = 0;

    if ((retval = PAPI_stop(event_set, NULL)) != PAPI_OK)
        ERROR_RETURN(retval);

    display();

    /* free the resources used by PAPI */
    PAPI_shutdown();

    exit(0);
}

void step1(unsigned second)
{
    FUNC_BEGIN();
    sleep(second);
    FUNC_END();
}

void step2(unsigned second)
{
    FUNC_BEGIN();
    sleep(second);
    FUNC_END();
}

void loop()
{
    int i = 0;
    int retval = 0;

    while (i < LOOPS) {
        printf("=======loop:%d=======\n", i);
        step1(SLEEP_TIME);
        step2(SLEEP_TIME);
        if ((retval = PAPI_read(event_set, values[i++])) != PAPI_OK)
            ERROR_RETURN(retval);
    }
}

int main()
{
    PAPI_init();
    loop();
    PAPI_uninit();

    return 0;
}

输出结果：

[root@192 test]# gcc -g probe.c -lpapi
[root@192 test]# ./a.out 
=======loop:0=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:1=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:2=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:3=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:4=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:5=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:6=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:7=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:8=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
=======loop:9=======
step1 begin.
step1 end.
step2 begin.
step2 end.
There are 2 events in the event set
PAPI_TOT_INS    PAPI_TOT_CYC   
6615            53534          
10675           91137          
14735           125911         
18795           162284         
22855           200171         
26915           238497         
30975           275839         
35035           312412         
39095           351813         
43155           387570

Note:使用PAPI_read()会累加计数，使用PAPI_accum()则会清空上一次的计数，并重新统计。