接口(interface)是抽象方法和常量值得定义的集合。
从本质上来讲,接口是一种特殊的抽象类,这种抽象类中只包含常量和方法的定义,而没有变量和方法的实现。
1:多个无关的类可以实现同一个接口。
2:一个类可以实现多个无关的接口。
3:与继承关系类似,接口与实现类之间存在多态性。
接口定义举例:
public interface Runner {
public static final int id = 1;
public void start();
public void run();
public void stop();
}
5:接口中声明的属性默认为 public static final的;也只能是public static final的;
6:接口中只能定义抽象方法,而且这些方法默认为public的 、也只能是public的;
7:接口可以继承其他的接口,并添加新的属性和抽象方法。
接口举例:Test.java
interface Singer {
public void sing();
public void sleep();
}
interface Painter {
public void paint();
public void eat();
}
class Student implements Singer {
private String name;
Student(String name) {this.name = name;}
public void study(){System.out.println("studying");}
public String getName() { return name; }
public void sing() {System.out.println("student is singing");}
public void sleep() {System.out.println("student is sleeping");}
}
class Teacher implements Singer , Painter {
private String name;
public String getString(){
return name;
}
Teacher(String name) {this.name = name;}
public void teach() {System.out.println("Teaching"); }
public void sing() {System.out.println("teacher is singing");}
public void sleep() {System.out.println("teacher is sleeping");}
public void paint() {System.out.println("teacher is painting");}
public void eat() {System.out.println("teacher is eating");}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Singer s1 = new Student("le");
s1.sing();
s1.sleep();
Singer s2 = new Teacher("steven");
s2.sing();
s2.sleep();
Painter p1 = (Painter)s2;
p1.paint();
p1.eat();
}
}
输出的结果:
student is singing
student is sleeping
teacher is singing
teacher is sleeping
teacher is painting
teacher is eating