算法练习贴--22--子数组和排序后的区间和(Java)

子数组和排序后的区间和

给你一个数组 nums ，它包含 n 个正整数。你需要计算所有非空连续子数组的和，并将它们按升序排序，得到一个新的包含 n * (n + 1) / 2 个数字的数组。

请你返回在新数组中下标为 left 到 right （下标从 1 开始）的所有数字和（包括左右端点）。由于答案可能很大，请你将它对 10^9 + 7 取模后返回。

（来源：力扣（LeetCode））

示例 1：

输入：nums = [1,2,3,4], n = 4, left = 1, right = 5
输出：13 
解释：所有的子数组和为 1, 3, 6, 10, 2, 5, 9, 3, 7, 4 。将它们升序排序后，我们得到新的数组 [1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10] 。下标从 le = 1 到 ri = 5 的和为 1 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 4 = 13 。

示例 2：

输入：nums = [1,2,3,4], n = 4, left = 3, right = 4
输出：6
解释：给定数组与示例 1 一样，所以新数组为 [1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10] 。下标从 le = 3 到 ri = 4 的和为 3 + 3 = 6 。

示例 3：

输入：nums = [1,2,3,4], n = 4, left = 1, right = 10
输出：50

提示：
    1 <= nums.length <= 10^3
    nums.length == n
    1 <= nums[i] <= 100
    1 <= left <= right <= n * (n + 1) / 2

解决方法一（排序）：

class Solution {
    public int rangeSum(int[] nums, int n, int left, int right) {
        final int MODULO = 1000000007;
        int sumsLength = n * (n + 1) / 2;
        int[] sums = new int[sumsLength];
        int index = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int sum = 0;
            for (int j = i; j < n; j++) {
                sum += nums[j];
                sums[index++] = sum;
            }
        }
        Arrays.sort(sums);
        int ans = 0;
        for (int i = left - 1; i < right; i++) {
            ans = (ans + sums[i]) % MODULO;
        }
        return ans;
    }
}

解决方法二（双指针+二分查找）

class Solution {
    static final int MODULO = 1000000007;

    public int rangeSum(int[] nums, int n, int left, int right) {
        int[] prefixSums = new int[n + 1];
        prefixSums[0] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            prefixSums[i + 1] = prefixSums[i] + nums[i];
        }
        int[] prefixPrefixSums = new int[n + 1];
        prefixPrefixSums[0] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            prefixPrefixSums[i + 1] = prefixPrefixSums[i] + prefixSums[i + 1];
        }
        return (getSum(prefixSums, prefixPrefixSums, n, right) - getSum(prefixSums, prefixPrefixSums, n, left - 1)) % MODULO;
    }

    public int getSum(int[] prefixSums, int[] prefixPrefixSums, int n, int k) {
        int num = getKth(prefixSums, n, k);
        int sum = 0;
        int count = 0;
        for (int i = 0, j = 1; i < n; i++) {
            while (j <= n && prefixSums[j] - prefixSums[i] < num) {
                j++;
            }
            j--;
            sum = (sum + prefixPrefixSums[j] - prefixPrefixSums[i] - prefixSums[i] * (j - i)) % MODULO;
            count += j - i;
        }
        sum = (sum + num * (k - count)) % MODULO;
        return sum;
    }

    public int getKth(int[] prefixSums, int n, int k) {
        int low = 0, high = prefixSums[n];
        while (low < high) {
            int mid = (high - low) / 2 + low;
            int count = getCount(prefixSums, n, mid);
            if (count < k) {
                low = mid + 1;
            } else {
                high = mid;
            }
        }
        return low;
    }

    public int getCount(int[] prefixSums, int n, int x) {
        int count = 0;
        for (int i = 0, j = 1; i < n; i++) {
            while (j <= n && prefixSums[j] - prefixSums[i] <= x) {
                j++;
            }
            j--;
            count += j - i;
        }
        return count;
    }
}