Cookie
从请求中拿到cookie信息,服务器响应给客户端cookie
CookieServlet
package com.wyh.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author WuYongheng
* @date 2022/9/1
* @description
*/
public class CookieDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
req.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
if (cookies != null) {
out.write("你上一次的访问时间是:");
for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
// 获取cookie的名字
if (cookie.getName().equals("lastLoginTime")) {
// 获取cookie的值
Long lastLoginTime = Long.parseLong(cookie.getValue());
Date date = new Date(lastLoginTime);
out.write(date.toLocaleString());
}
}
} else {
out.write("这是第一次访问网站");
}
// 服务器给客户端响应一个cookie
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis() + "");
// 设置超时时间,为1天
cookie.setMaxAge(24 * 60 * 60);
resp.addCookie(cookie);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
注册
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0"
metadata-complete="true">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CookieDemo1</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.wyh.servlet.CookieDemo1</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CookieDemo1</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/cookie</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
访问效果
Session
启动浏览器的一瞬间,session就生成了
SessionServlet
package com.wyh.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author WuYongheng
* @date 2022/9/1
* @description
*/
public class SessionDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 解决乱码问题
req.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("gbk");
resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=gbk");
// 得到Session
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
// 给Session里面存东西
session.setAttribute("name", "巫永恒");
System.out.println(session.getAttribute("name"));
// 获取Session的id
String sessionId = session.getId();
//判断Session是不是新的
if (session.isNew()) {
resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功,ID+" + sessionId);
} else {
resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器存在了,id:" + sessionId);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
注册。。。
访问效果
面试题
关于cookie的细节
- 一个Cookie只能保存一个信息
- 一个web 站点可以给浏览器发送多个Cookie,最多存放20个Cookie
- Cookie大小有限制,4kb
- 浏览器上限,300个Cookie
删除Cookie
- 不设置有效期,关闭浏览器,自动失效
- 设置有效期为0
Cookie和Session的区别
- Cookie是把用户的数据写给用户的浏览器,浏览器保存(可以保存多个)
- Session把用户的数据写到用户独占的Session中,服务器端保存
- Session对象一般由服务器创建
Session使用场景
- 保存一个用户信息
- 购物车信息
- 在整个网站中经常会使用的数据,我们将它保存在Session中