Centos7.5安装mysql5.7.23-二进制包方式安装-完美安装,一步到位

1. 环境准备

软件环境
虚拟机	VMware Workstation Pro
操作系统	centos7.5
数据库	mysql5.7.23

所有操作皆在root用户下进行.

2.下载mysql安装包

• 下载地址: mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3.将文件放到虚拟机内

这里使用SecureCRTPortable连接虚拟机,使用SecureFXPortable上传文件.

3.1 新建目录mysql并将文件上传至虚拟机

• 在/usr/local/目录下创建mysql目录,上传文件至mysql

[root@BxServer001 local]# cd /usr/local/
[root@BxServer001 local]# mkdir mysql

• 上传文件
  

3.2 解压至mysql目录

3.2.1 切换至mysql目录并解压:

[root@BxServer001 local]# cd mysql/
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# tar -zxf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ls
mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3.2.2 解压成功,删除二进制文件:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# rm mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
rm：是否删除普通文件 "mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz"？y

3.2.3 将mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64目录下面的文件移动到mysql目录下:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ls /usr/local/mysql/
bin      lib                                  share
COPYING  man                                  support-files
docs     mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
include  README
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ls /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ls
bin      docs     lib  README  support-files
COPYING  include  man  share

4 初始化环境并配置文件

4.1 创建data文件夹

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# mkdir data
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ls
bin      data  include  man     share
COPYING  docs  lib      README  support-files

4.2 下载依赖:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# yum -y install libaio

4.3 创建用户组和用户并授权:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# groupadd mysql
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# useradd -M -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/mysql mysql
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

4.4 卸载mariadb

centos7内部集成了mariadb，而安装mysql的话会和mariadb文件冲突，所以需要先卸载mariadb，以下为卸载mariadb，安装mysql的步骤.

#列出所有被安装的rpm package
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# rpm -qa | grep maria*
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# yum -y remove mari*
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.56-2.el7 将被 删除
......
...
删除:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7                              

作为依赖被删除:
  postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7                                   

完毕！
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*

4.5 修改my.cnf

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
#写入文件
[mysqld]
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

tmpdir = /tmp

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

#wq保存          

4.6 将mysql放入系统服务,并修改对应文件

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ls
bin      data  include  man     share
COPYING  docs  lib      README  support-files
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld 

4.7 初始化mysql

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 

初始化成功会打印以上日志,最后红框框圈出来的是root的登陆密码.

5 启动mysql,修改root密码并设置远程连接

5.1 启动mysql

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log'.
 SUCCESS!

5.2 修改密码

5.21 登陆mysql并输入4.7初始化时打印的密码:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# ./bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.23

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

5.22 修改root密码

mysql>SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@localhost=PASSWORD('Your Password');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

5.23 设置root允许远程连接

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' limit 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

使用Navicat Premium连接mysql

如果连接不上,检查下防火墙是否关闭或者端口3360是否放行.

6 mysql加入环境变量并设置mysql为自启服务

6.1 加入环境变量

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# vi /etc/profile  

注：最后添加

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

• 执行下面的命令是修改的内容立即生效:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# source /etc/profile

• 此时可直接使用mysql命令登陆:

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# mysql -u root -p

6.2 设置mysql为自启服务

• 赋予服务控制执行脚本的权利

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 

• 添加服务进系统服务

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

• 查看服务是否生效

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld

注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含
原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据
可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。 

      要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

mysqld          0:关    1:关    2:开    3:开    4:开    5:开    6:关

• 开启,关闭与查看服务状态

[root@BxServer001 mysql]# systemctl start mysqld 
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# systemctl stop mysqld  
[root@BxServer001 mysql]# systemctl status mysqld

重启服务器,测试自启服务.

7 安装完成