这里介绍activiti中的任务管理服务，也就是其中的TaskService。
TaskService功能：
1、对用户任务（UserTask）管理和流程的控制；
2、设置用户任务（UserTask）的权限信息（拥有者，候选人，办理人）；
3、针对用户任务添加任务附件、任务评论和事件记录。
TaskService对Task管理与流程控制：
1、Task对象的创建，删除。但是很少使用TaskService手动创建Task，因为一般Task创建通过流程定义。
2、查询Task，并驱动Task节点完成执行。
3、Task相关参数变量（variable）设置。其中本地变量，只能基于TaskId获取，在整个流程过程中使不可变的。
接下去我们开始测试TaskService：
一、首先创建TaskServiceTest测试类与my-process-task.bpmn20.xml流程文件：
具体文件路径如下：
其中my-process-task.bpmn20.xml内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<definitions xmlns="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:activiti="http://activiti.org/bpmn"
xmlns:bpmndi="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI" xmlns:omgdc="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC"
xmlns:omgdi="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI" typeLanguage="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
expressionLanguage="http://www.w3.org/1999/XPath" targetNamespace="http://www.activiti.org/test">
<process id="my-process">
<startEvent id="start" />
<sequenceFlow id="flow1" sourceRef="start" targetRef="someTask" />
<userTask id="someTask" name="Activiti is awesome!" activiti:candidateUsers="jjf,user1,user2"> <!-- candidateUsers指定用户 -->
<documentation>some Task ${message}</documentation> <!-- Task描述信息，${message}根据传过来message的值替换 -->
</userTask>
<sequenceFlow id="flow2" sourceRef="someTask" targetRef="end" />
<endEvent id="end" />
</process>
</definitions>这个流程文件可以获取到someTask的描述信息，message就会根据上下文变量名传过来的message变量值替换。
二、TaskService对Task的查询与设置变量
TaskServiceTest测试类中的测试方法：
@Test
@Deployment(resources = {"my-process-task.bpmn20.xml"})
public void testTaskService(){
Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
variables.put("message","my test message . . .");
activitiRule.getRuntimeService().startProcessInstanceByKey("my-process",variables); //启动流程
TaskService taskService = activitiRule.getTaskService();
Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult();//获取唯一的当前流程暂停的结点
LOGGER.info("task = [{}]" , ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(task, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE)); //使用json格式输出
LOGGER.info("task.description = [{}]" , task.getDescription()); //输出配置描述信息
taskService.setVariable(task.getId(),"key1","value1"); //给task设置普通变量
taskService.setVariableLocal(task.getId(),"localKey1","localValue1"); //给task设置本地变量
Map<String, Object> taskServiceVariables = taskService.getVariables(task.getId()); //获取变量
Map<String, Object> taskServiceVariablesLocal = taskService.getVariablesLocal(task.getId()); //获取本地变量
Map<String, Object> processVariables = activitiRule.getRuntimeService().getVariables(task.getExecutionId()); //根据执行流获取变量
LOGGER.info("taskServiceVariables = [{}]",taskServiceVariables); //{key1=value1, localKey1=localValue1, message=my test message . . .}
LOGGER.info("taskServiceVariablesLocal = [{}]",taskServiceVariablesLocal); //{localKey1=localValue1}
LOGGER.info("processVariables = [{}]",processVariables); //{key1=value1, message=my test message . . .}
Map<String,Object> completeVar = Maps.newConcurrentMap();
completeVar.put("cKey1","cValue1");
taskService.complete(task.getId()); //将流程驱动向下结点执行
Task task1 = taskService.createTaskQuery().taskId(task.getId()).singleResult(); //测试看看流程有没有向下执行，若向下执行则为空
LOGGER.info("Task = [{}]" , task1); //null
}输出结果：
Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [activiti.cfg.xml]
Activiti 5 compatibility handler implementation not found or error during instantiation : org.activiti.compatibility.DefaultActiviti5CompatibilityHandler. Activiti 5 backwards compatibility disabled.
performing create on engine with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.engine.sql
performing create on history with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.history.sql
performing create on identity with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.identity.sql
ProcessEngine default created
task = [{"owner":null,"assigneeUpdatedCount":0,"originalAssignee":null,"assignee":null,"delegationState":null,"parentTaskId":null,"name":"Activiti is awesome!","localizedName":null,"description":"some Task my test message . . .","localizedDescription":null,"priority":50,"createTime":"Sat Feb 16 12:21:25 CST 2019","dueDate":null,"suspensionState":1,"category":null,"isIdentityLinksInitialized":false,"taskIdentityLinkEntities":[],"executionId":"6","execution":null,"processInstanceId":"4","processInstance":null,"processDefinitionId":"my-process:1:3","taskDefinitionKey":"someTask","formKey":null,"isDeleted":false,"isCanceled":false,"eventName":null,"currentActivitiListener":null,"tenantId":"","queryVariables":null,"forcedUpdate":false,"claimTime":null,"variableInstances":null,"usedVariablesCache":{},"transientVariabes":null,"cachedElContext":null,"id":"9","revision":1,"isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
task.description = [some Task my test message . . .]
taskServiceVariables = [{key1=value1, localKey1=localValue1, message=my test message . . .}]
taskServiceVariablesLocal = [{localKey1=localValue1}]
processVariables = [{key1=value1, message=my test message . . .}]
Task = [null]
Process finished with exit code 0首先按照json格式输出task信息，然后输出了task的描述信息。在输出全部变量、本地变量、执行流获取的变量。最后将流程执行下去，输出是否还有没有Task事件。
三、TaskService对Task事件权限的配置
TaskService设置Task权限信息：
1、候选用户（candidateUser）和候选组（candidateGroup）；
2、指定拥有人（Owner）和办理人（Assignee）；
3、通过claim设置办理人。
单元测试方法如下：
/**
* Task事件权限的配置
*/
@Test
@Deployment(resources = {"my-process-task.bpmn20.xml"})
public void testTaskServiceUser(){
Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
variables.put("message","my test message . . .");
activitiRule.getRuntimeService().startProcessInstanceByKey("my-process",variables); //启动流程
TaskService taskService = activitiRule.getTaskService();
Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult(); //获取唯一的当前流程暂停的结点
LOGGER.info("task = [{}]" , ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(task, ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE)); //使用json格式输出
LOGGER.info("task.description = [{}]" , task.getDescription()); //输出配置描述信息
taskService.setOwner(task.getId(),"user1"); //设置task的发起人owner，这里是user1用户
//taskService.setAssignee(task.getId(),"jjf"); //设置task事件的代办人,但是没有对属性进行校验，会发生权限冲突,不推荐
List<Task> taskList = taskService.createTaskQuery()
.taskCandidateUser("jjf").taskUnassigned().listPage(0, 100); //指定了 jjf 候选人，但是taskUnassigned没有被指定某人个
for (Task task1:taskList){
try{
taskService.claim(task1.getId(),"jjf"); //claim时发现指定了代办人则会报错，所以要捕获异常
}catch (Exception e){
LOGGER.error(e.getMessage(),e); //打印异常日志
}
}
List<IdentityLink> identityLinksForTask = taskService.getIdentityLinksForTask(task.getId()); //查询指定的task与多少用户相关
for (IdentityLink identityLink:identityLinksForTask){
LOGGER.info("identityLink = [{}]" , identityLink);
}
List<Task> tasks = taskService.createTaskQuery().taskAssignee("jjf").listPage(0, 100); //将用户任务向下继续执行
for (Task task1:tasks){
Map<String,Object> vars = Maps.newHashMap();
vars.put("skey1","cvalue1");
taskService.complete(task1.getId(),vars);
}
LOGGER.info("task是否为空 [{}]", CollectionUtils.isEmpty(tasks));
tasks = taskService.createTaskQuery().taskAssignee("jjf").listPage(0, 100);
LOGGER.info("task是否为空 [{}]", CollectionUtils.isEmpty(tasks));
}测试结果：
Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [activiti.cfg.xml]
Activiti 5 compatibility handler implementation not found or error during instantiation : org.activiti.compatibility.DefaultActiviti5CompatibilityHandler. Activiti 5 backwards compatibility disabled.
performing create on engine with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.engine.sql
performing create on history with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.history.sql
performing create on identity with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.identity.sql
ProcessEngine default created
task = [{"owner":null,"assigneeUpdatedCount":0,"originalAssignee":null,"assignee":null,"delegationState":null,"parentTaskId":null,"name":"Activiti is awesome!","localizedName":null,"description":"some Task my test message . . .","localizedDescription":null,"priority":50,"createTime":"Thu Dec 27 17:39:32 CST 2018","dueDate":null,"suspensionState":1,"category":null,"isIdentityLinksInitialized":false,"taskIdentityLinkEntities":[],"executionId":"6","execution":null,"processInstanceId":"4","processInstance":null,"processDefinitionId":"my-process:1:3","taskDefinitionKey":"someTask","formKey":null,"isDeleted":false,"isCanceled":false,"eventName":null,"currentActivitiListener":null,"tenantId":"","queryVariables":null,"forcedUpdate":false,"claimTime":null,"variableInstances":null,"usedVariablesCache":{},"transientVariabes":null,"cachedElContext":null,"id":"9","revision":1,"isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
task.description = [some Task my test message . . .]
identityLink = [IdentityLinkEntity[id=10, type=candidate, userId=jjf, taskId=9]]
identityLink = [IdentityLinkEntity[id=12, type=candidate, userId=user1, taskId=9]]
identityLink = [IdentityLinkEntity[id=14, type=candidate, userId=user2, taskId=9]]
identityLink = [IdentityLinkEntity[id=null, type=assignee, userId=jjf, taskId=9]]
identityLink = [IdentityLinkEntity[id=null, type=owner, userId=user1, taskId=9]]
task是否为空 [false]
task是否为空 [true]
Process finished with exit code 0identityLink有五条数据，上面三条有id分别为10,12,14，类型都是candidate候选人，这三条数据都是流程定义文件中设置的，当启动流程时就把这些设置内容序列化到数据库中，作为实体有指定的ID。后面的两条identityLink并没有id，类型是指定的代办人与所有者，就是测试方法中设置的身份。
四、测试Task添加附件
TaskService设置Task附加信息：
1、任务附件（Attachment）创建与查询，上传附件会基于二进制流存储起来；
2、任务评论（Comment）创建与查询；
3、事件记录（Event）创建与查询。
单元测试方法如下：
/**
* 测试Task添加附件（Attachment）
*/
@Test
@Deployment(resources = {"my-process-task.bpmn20.xml"})
public void testTaskAttachment(){
Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
variables.put("message","my test message . . .");
activitiRule.getRuntimeService().startProcessInstanceByKey("my-process",variables); //启动流程
TaskService taskService = activitiRule.getTaskService();
Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult();//获取唯一的当前流程暂停的结点
taskService.createAttachment("url",task.getId(),task.getProcessInstanceId()
,"name","description描述","/url/test.png"); //创建一个附件
List<Attachment> taskAttachments = taskService.getTaskAttachments(task.getId());
for (Attachment taskAttachment : taskAttachments){
LOGGER.info("taskAttachment = [{}]",
ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(taskAttachment,ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE)); //使用json格式输出
}
}输出结果如下：
Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [activiti.cfg.xml]
Activiti 5 compatibility handler implementation not found or error during instantiation : org.activiti.compatibility.DefaultActiviti5CompatibilityHandler. Activiti 5 backwards compatibility disabled.
performing create on engine with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.engine.sql
performing create on history with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.history.sql
performing create on identity with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.identity.sql
ProcessEngine default created
taskAttachment = [{"name":"name","description":"description描述","type":"url","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","url":"/url/test.png","contentId":null,"content":null,"userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:09:52 CST 2018","id":"16","revision":1,"isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
Process finished with exit code 0按照json格式输出附件内容。
五、测试Task添加评论
单元测试方法如下：
/**
* 测试Task添加评论（Comment）
*/
@Test
@Deployment(resources = {"my-process-task.bpmn20.xml"})
public void testTaskComment(){
Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
variables.put("message","my test message . . .");
activitiRule.getRuntimeService().startProcessInstanceByKey("my-process",variables); //启动流程
TaskService taskService = activitiRule.getTaskService();
Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult();//获取唯一的当前流程暂停的结点
taskService.addComment(task.getId(),task.getProcessInstanceId(),"comment 1"); //创建一个评论，参数为事件id 流程实例id 评论内容
taskService.addComment(task.getId(),task.getProcessInstanceId(),"comment 2");
List<Comment> taskComments = taskService.getTaskComments(task.getId());
for (Comment taskComment : taskComments){
LOGGER.info("taskComment = [{}]",
ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(taskComment,ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE)); //使用json格式输出任务评论
}
}输出结果：
Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [activiti.cfg.xml]
Activiti 5 compatibility handler implementation not found or error during instantiation : org.activiti.compatibility.DefaultActiviti5CompatibilityHandler. Activiti 5 backwards compatibility disabled.
performing create on engine with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.engine.sql
performing create on history with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.history.sql
performing create on identity with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.identity.sql
ProcessEngine default created
taskComment = [{"type":"comment","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:21:58 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","action":"AddComment","message":"comment 2","fullMessage":"comment 2","id":"17","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
taskComment = [{"type":"comment","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:21:58 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","action":"AddComment","message":"comment 1","fullMessage":"comment 1","id":"16","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
Process finished with exit code 0
六、Task的评论与事件记录比较
/**
* 测试Task添加事件记录（Event）
*/
@Test
@Deployment(resources = {"my-process-task.bpmn20.xml"})
public void testTaskEvent(){
Map<String, Object> variables = Maps.newHashMap();
variables.put("message","my test message . . .");
activitiRule.getRuntimeService().startProcessInstanceByKey("my-process",variables); //启动流程
TaskService taskService = activitiRule.getTaskService();
Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().singleResult();//获取唯一的当前流程暂停的结点
taskService.setOwner(task.getId(),"user1"); //设置task的发起人owner，这里是user1用户
taskService.setAssignee(task.getId(),"jjf"); //设置task事件的代办人
taskService.addComment(task.getId(),task.getProcessInstanceId(),"comment 1"); //创建一个评论，参数为事件id 流程实例id 评论内容
taskService.addComment(task.getId(),task.getProcessInstanceId(),"comment 2");
List<Comment> taskComments = taskService.getTaskComments(task.getId());
for (Comment taskComment : taskComments){
LOGGER.info("taskComment = [{}]",
ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(taskComment,ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE)); //使用json格式输出任务评论
}
List<Event> taskEvents = taskService.getTaskEvents(task.getId()); //获取事件记录
for (Event taskEvent : taskEvents){
LOGGER.info("taskEvent = [{}]",ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(taskEvent,ToStringStyle.JSON_STYLE));
}
}输出结果：
Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [activiti.cfg.xml]
Activiti 5 compatibility handler implementation not found or error during instantiation : org.activiti.compatibility.DefaultActiviti5CompatibilityHandler. Activiti 5 backwards compatibility disabled.
performing create on engine with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.engine.sql
performing create on history with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.history.sql
performing create on identity with resource org/activiti/db/create/activiti.h2.create.identity.sql
ProcessEngine default created
taskComment = [{"type":"comment","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:44:38 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","action":"AddComment","message":"comment 2","fullMessage":"comment 2","id":"19","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
taskComment = [{"type":"comment","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:44:38 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","action":"AddComment","message":"comment 1","fullMessage":"comment 1","id":"18","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
taskEvent = [{"type":"comment","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:44:38 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","action":"AddComment","message":"comment 2","fullMessage":"comment 2","id":"19","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
taskEvent = [{"type":"comment","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:44:38 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":"4","action":"AddComment","message":"comment 1","fullMessage":"comment 1","id":"18","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
taskEvent = [{"type":"event","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:44:38 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":null,"action":"AddUserLink","message":"jjf_|_assignee","fullMessage":null,"id":"17","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
taskEvent = [{"type":"event","userId":null,"time":"Fri Dec 28 10:44:38 CST 2018","taskId":"9","processInstanceId":null,"action":"AddUserLink","message":"user1_|_owner","fullMessage":null,"id":"16","isInserted":false,"isUpdated":false,"isDeleted":false}]
Process finished with exit code 0可以看出event的前两条数据与comment数据一样，但是后面两条comment并没有。其实我们可以对useTask做很多操作，操作的过程中event会记录下来，但是comment并不会记录，后两条因为我在测试方法中设置了代办人与拥有人，event都会记录下来。
167
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
