StrutsTestCase 初体验

StrutsTestCase是测试Struts的基于junit的框架。

到目前为止，并不是所有的Struts框架的各个版本都支持。至少到目前，它根本不支持Struts2。

关于StrutsTestCase的介绍就不多说了，有兴趣看看官网有很详细的介绍。

 

本章文章主要针对像我一样，第一次接触StrutsTestCase，并且有一种习惯，就是先运行示例的朋友们。

 

需要注意的第三方jar包：

junit3.8.2 struts-1.3.10 这两个很关键，看看人家官网写的很清楚，到目前就支持到junit和struts相对的”最新“版本。

下面列出框架中附带的示例说明文件README.txt中的具体内容（非原版，我做了一些对自己变成有意义的标示。

=========================================================

虽然说官方版本的说明不用太多怀疑，但由于各自的环境大相径庭，所以里面附属了一些原文没有指出的依赖包的列表。

里面的路径是我自己的电脑jar包路径，在编译运行时我需要在java -cp 中指定这些值，所以这些对你基本没用。

+========================================================）：

How to run the MockStrutsTestCase examples ------------------------------------------ In order to run the tests, you must have the following libraries in your CLASSPATH: junit.jar=C:/Program Files/junit3.8.2/junit.jar servlet.jar= struts.jar=C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-core-1.3.10.jar commons-digester.jar=C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar commons-collections.jar=C:/Lib/commons-collections.jar commons-logging.jar=C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar commons-beanutils.jar=C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar jaxp.jar=C:/Lib/jaxp.jar crimson.jar=C:/Lib/crimson.jar strutstest.jar=C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4.jar C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1.3.10.jar (C:/Program Files/strutstest/examples) Additionally, you must set the CLASSPATH to point to the 'examples' directory, so that StrutsTestCase can find the struts-config.xml file. You can run the TestLoginAction class directly, as its main method invokes the JUnit TestRunner: % java examples.TestLoginAction .ActionServlet: init [INFO] RequestProcessor - -Processing a 'POST' for path '/login' .ActionServlet: init [INFO] RequestProcessor - -Processing a 'POST' for path '/login' Time: 1.292 OK (2 tests) How to run the CactusStrutsTestCase examples -------------------------------------------- If you are going to run the Cactus tests, you must have the following libraries in your CLASSPATH, in addition to the ones described above: cactus.jar commons-httpclient.jar aspectjrt.jar (only if you are using Cactus v1.3 or later) Additionally, you must set the CLASSPATH to point to the 'examples/cactus' directory, so that the Cactus test harness can find the cactus.properties file. Finally, you must have your servlet engine running, with the example web application, examples/test.war, deployed. Usually this can be done by dropping test.war in your servlet engine's webapps directory and starting it up. Note that for this example, your servlet engine *MUST BE RUNNING ON PORT 8080*. Also note that CLASSPATH issues can be particularly tricky when running a servlet engine, most especially when it comes to XML libraries. To be on the safe side, make sure your CLASSPATH is unset when starting your servlet engine, so as to avoid any class loading conflicts. Of course, don't forget to reset your CLASSPATH as decribed above before running the tests. You can run the TestCactusLoginAction class directly, as its main method invokes the JUnit TestRunner: % java examples.cactus.TestCactusLoginAction .. Time: 1.502 OK (2 tests)

 

如README.txt中说到的，需要指定一些jar包在classpath环境变量里。（我用java -cp 加上里面的注释路径替代了，毕竟，我只是想试验下StrutsTestCase.:-)）

 

开始实际动手：

将里面的test.war包解压，在命令提示符中，进入解压后的test/WEB-INF/classes目录，

执行

java -cp "%classpath%;C:/Program Files/junit3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar;C:/Lib/commons-collections.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar;C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimson.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test" examples.TestLoginAction （cp 后的参数部分，如果你已经设置到classpath，就直接去掉-cp以及后面的路径参数即可）

 

在我的环境里，出错：提示缺少几个包：具体错误信息如下：

添加了commons-chain和tiles包之后，仍然出现错误如下： C:/Program Files/strutstest/examples>javac -cp "%classpath%;C:/Program Files/jun it3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/P rogram Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar;C:/Lib/commons-collectio ns.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program F iles/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar;C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimso n.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1 .3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles- 1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/examples" -d . TestLoginAction.java C:/Program Files/strutstest/examples>java -cp "%classpath%;C:/Program Files/juni t3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/Pr ogram Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar;C:/Lib/commons-collection s.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program Fi les/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar;C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimson .jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1. 3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1 .3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/examples" examples.TestLoginAction .2010-6-15 23:24:17 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources loadLocale 警告: Resource org/apache/struts/action/ActionResources_zh_CN.properties Not F ound. 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources loadLocale 警告: Resource org/apache/struts/action/ActionResources_zh.properties Not Foun d. 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils createActionForm 严重: Error creating form bean of class examples.LoginForm java.lang.NullPointerException at org.apache.struts.config.FormBeanConfig.createActionForm(FormBeanConf ig.java:289) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.createActionForm(RequestUtils.jav a:259) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.createActionForm(RequestUtils.jav a:213) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionForm(RequestPr ocessor.java:319) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:192) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testSuccessfulLogin(TestLoginAction.java:37) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:164) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:130) at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:120) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:230) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:225) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:121) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:114) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:77) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:62) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor processActionCreate 严重: No action instance for path /login could be created java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: examples.LoginAction at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:276) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:251) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationClass(RequestUtils.jav a:124) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationInstance(RequestUtils. java:172) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationInstance(RequestUtils. java:147) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionCreate(Request Processor.java:281) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:221) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testSuccessfulLogin(TestLoginAction.java:37) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:164) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:130) at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:120) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:230) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:225) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:121) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:114) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:77) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:62) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) F.2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources loadLocale 警告: Resource org/apache/struts/action/ActionResources_zh_CN.properties Not F ound. 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources loadLocale 警告: Resource org/apache/struts/action/ActionResources_zh.properties Not Foun d. 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils createActionForm 严重: Error creating form bean of class examples.LoginForm java.lang.NullPointerException at org.apache.struts.config.FormBeanConfig.createActionForm(FormBeanConf ig.java:289) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.createActionForm(RequestUtils.jav a:259) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.createActionForm(RequestUtils.jav a:213) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionForm(RequestPr ocessor.java:319) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:192) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testFailedLogin(TestLoginAction.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:164) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:130) at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:120) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:230) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:225) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:121) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:114) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:77) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:62) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) 2010-6-15 23:24:18 org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor processActionCreate 严重: No action instance for path /login could be created java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: examples.LoginAction at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:276) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:251) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationClass(RequestUtils.jav a:124) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationInstance(RequestUtils. java:172) at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationInstance(RequestUtils. java:147) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionCreate(Request Processor.java:281) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:221) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testFailedLogin(TestLoginAction.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at junit.framework.TestCase.runTest(TestCase.java:164) at junit.framework.TestCase.runBare(TestCase.java:130) at junit.framework.TestResult$1.protect(TestResult.java:106) at junit.framework.TestResult.runProtected(TestResult.java:124) at junit.framework.TestResult.run(TestResult.java:109) at junit.framework.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:120) at junit.framework.TestSuite.runTest(TestSuite.java:230) at junit.framework.TestSuite.run(TestSuite.java:225) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:121) at junit.textui.TestRunner.doRun(TestRunner.java:114) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:77) at junit.textui.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:62) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) F Time: 0.672 There were 2 failures: 1) testSuccessfulLogin(examples.TestLoginAction)junit.framework.AssertionFailedE rror: received error 500 : No action instance for path /login could be created at servletunit.HttpServletResponseSimulator.sendError(HttpServletRespons eSimulator.java:463) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionCreate(Request Processor.java:289) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:221) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testSuccessfulLogin(TestLoginAction.java:37) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) 2) testFailedLogin(examples.TestLoginAction)junit.framework.AssertionFailedError : received error 500 : No action instance for path /login could be created at servletunit.HttpServletResponseSimulator.sendError(HttpServletRespons eSimulator.java:463) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionCreate(Request Processor.java:289) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:221) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testFailedLogin(TestLoginAction.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) FAILURES!!! Tests run: 2, Failures: 2, Errors: 0 C:/Program Files/strutstest/examples> ********************************************************************** 发布test.war之后，运行仍然出错 C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes>java -cp "%cl asspath%;C:/Program Files/junit3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/li b/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8 .jar;C:/Lib/commons-collections.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-l ogging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar; C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimson.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4. jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/st ruts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/we bapps/test" examples.TestLoginAction .2010-6-15 23:30:42 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml E.2010-6-15 23:30:42 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml E Time: 0.578 There were 2 errors: 1) testSuccessfulLogin(examples.TestLoginAction)java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError at org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesUtilImpl.class$(TilesUtilImpl.java:50) at org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesUtilImpl.<clinit>(TilesUtilImpl.java:70) at org.apache.struts.tiles.TilesUtil.<clinit>(TilesUtil.java:53) at servletunit.struts.Common.getTilesForward(Common.java:144) at servletunit.struts.Common.verifyForwardPath(Common.java:291) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.verifyForward(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:675) at examples.TestLoginAction.testSuccessfulLogin(TestLoginAction.java:38) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:276) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:251) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:319) at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169) ... 24 more 2) testFailedLogin(examples.TestLoginAction)java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: example s.LoginAction.saveErrors(Ljavax/servlet/http/HttpServletRequest;Lorg/apache/stru ts/action/ActionErrors;)V at examples.LoginAction.execute(LoginAction.java:41) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(Reques tProcessor.java:425) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:228) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testFailedLogin(TestLoginAction.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) FAILURES!!! Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 2 C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes>

 

继续跟踪错误

添加jsp-api.jar文件后仍然出错。但错误减少了一个 Microsoft Windows XP [版本 5.1.2600] (C) 版权所有 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp. C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator>cd C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29 /webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes>java -cp "%cl asspath%;C:/Program Files/junit3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/li b/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8 .jar;C:/Lib/commons-collections.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-l ogging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar; C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimson.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4. jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/st ruts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/we bapps/test" examples.TestLoginAction .2010-6-15 23:34:02 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml .2010-6-15 23:34:02 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml E Time: 0.562 There was 1 error: 1) testFailedLogin(examples.TestLoginAction)java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: example s.LoginAction.saveErrors(Ljavax/servlet/http/HttpServletRequest;Lorg/apache/stru ts/action/ActionErrors;)V at examples.LoginAction.execute(LoginAction.java:41) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionPerform(Reques tProcessor.java:425) at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.ja va:228) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:191 3) at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:462) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.actionPerform(MockStrutsTestCas e.java:394) at examples.TestLoginAction.testFailedLogin(TestLoginAction.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) FAILURES!!! Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 1 C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes>

 

继续跟踪：

因为saveerrors方法已经过期。使用了savemessage方法。之后继续出现另一个错误 C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes>java -cp "%cl asspath%;C:/Program Files/junit3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/li b/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8 .jar;C:/Lib/commons-collections.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-l ogging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar; C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimson.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4. jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/st ruts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/we bapps/test" examples.TestLoginAction .2010-6-15 23:48:10 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml .2010-6-15 23:48:11 org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet initChain 信息: Loading chain catalog from jar:file:/C:/Program%20Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/ struts-core-1.3.10.jar!/org/apache/struts/chain/chain-config.xml F Time: 0.61 There was 1 failure: 1) testFailedLogin(examples.TestLoginAction)junit.framework.AssertionFailedError : was expecting some error messages, but received none. at servletunit.struts.Common.verifyActionMessages(Common.java:89) at servletunit.struts.MockStrutsTestCase.verifyActionErrors(MockStrutsTe stCase.java:796) at examples.TestLoginAction.testFailedLogin(TestLoginAction.java:53) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl. java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAcces sorImpl.java:25) at examples.TestLoginAction.main(TestLoginAction.java:58) FAILURES!!! Tests run: 2, Failures: 1, Errors: 0 C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes> 这个错误看的应该很容易理解。就是期望得到一个error但却没有得到。 直觉是因为我们将过期的saveerrors方法替换成了savemessages方法，所以自然没有了错误。

 

到现在为止，模拟方法测试基本成功。虽然最后还是有因为不是期望值的测试失败。但我相信只要修改一下期望值，或者直接替换struts的版本到1.2之前，就不会有问题。

 

最后总结下关键点：原框架附带的示例里面的代码应该属于示例的源码部分，我们只有在需要对类做修改的时候才拿出来重新编译，比如我在替换saveErrors为saveMessages方法时就这样编译过

javac -cp "%classpath%;C:/Program Files/junit3.8.2/junit.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-core-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar;C:/Lib/commons-collections.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-logging-1.0.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar;C:/Lib/jaxp.jar;C:/Lib/crimson.jar;C:/Program Files/strutstest/strutstest-2.1.4.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/commons-chain-1.2.jar;C:/Program Files/struts-1.3.10/lib/struts-tiles-1.3.10.jar;C:/Program Files/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/webapps/test/WEB-INF/classes" -d . LoginAction.java

 

之后，执行运行的路径应该在classes目录下。

 

祝君愉快~