交换综合实验

实验过程：

1.IP地址的规划以及拓扑的搭建

ISP：12.1.1.0/24 R2环回：2.2.2.2/24

172.16.0.0/16

骨干：172.16.0.0/24 172.16.0.0/30 172.16.0.4/30

VLAN：172.16.1.0/24 1：172.16.1.0/25 2：172.16.1.128/25

2.配置交换部分

【1】Eth-trunk配置

[sw1]interface Eth-Trunk 0 创建以太中继接口

[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]trunkport g 0/0/1 0/0/2 在eth-trunk接口中，把物理接口拉进来

同理完成SW2的配置

【2】创建VLAN

因为默认交换机中VALN 1存在，所以我们只需要创建VLAN 2

[sw1]vlan 2

同理完成SW2/3/4的配置

【3】接口划入VLAN

因为默认交换机所有接口都在VLAN 1中，所以我们只需将Ethernet0/0/2划入VLAN 2中

[sw3]int e0/0/2

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access

[sw3-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2

同理完成SW4的配置

【4】trunk干道

因为默认交换机仅允许VLAN 1通过，所有我们需要让Ethernet接口允许VLAN 2通过（除了access接口）

[sw1]port-group group-member Eth-Trunk 0 Ethernet 0/0/3 to Ethernet 0/0/4

[sw1-port-group]port link-type trunk

[sw1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

同理完成SW2的配置

[sw3]port-group group-member Ethernet 0/0/3 to e0/0/4

[sw3-port-group]port link-type trunk

[sw3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2

同理完成SW4的配置

【5】STP

[sw1]stp mode mstp

[sw1]stp enable
[sw1]stp region-configuration
[sw1-mst-region]region-name a
[sw1-mst-region]revision-level 100

[sw1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 1
[sw1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 2
[sw1-mst-region]active region-configuration

同理完成SW2/3/4的配置

进行主根和备份根的配置：

SW1：

[sw1]stp instance 1 root primary

[sw1]stp instance 2 root secondary

SW2：

[sw2]stp instance 1 root se

[sw2]stp instance 2 root p

建议连接终端的接口，使用边缘接口，可以节约30s，响应速度更快

[sw3]int e0/0/3
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/4
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/4]stp edged-port enable

同理完成SW4的配置

【6】SVI

[sw1]int vlan 1

[sw1-Vlanif1]ip address 172.16.1.1 25

[sw1-Vlanif1]int vlan 2

[sw1-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.1.129 25

[sw2]int vlan 1
[sw2-Vlanif1]ip address 172.16.1.2 25

[sw2-Vlanif1]int vlan 2

[sw2-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.1.130 25

【7】VRRP

[sw1]interface Vlanif 1

[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126
[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 105

[sw1-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/1 reduced 10

[sw1-Vlanif1]int vlan 2

[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254

[sw2]int vlan 1
[sw2-Vlanif1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126

[sw2-Vlanif1]int vlan 2

[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254

[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 priority 105

[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid 1 track int g0/0/2 reduced 10

【8】DHCP

[sw1]dhcp enable

[sw1]ip pool v1

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]gateway-list 172.16.1.126

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

[sw1]ip pool v2
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.1.254
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8

[sw1-ip-pool-v1]int vlan 1
[sw1-Vlanif1]dhcp select global
[sw1-Vlanif1]int vlan 2
[sw1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global

同理完成SW2的配置

3.底层–所有节点拥有合法的IP地址

[r1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.0.1 30
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.0.5 30

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24

[sw1]vlan 100
[sw1-vlan100]q
[sw1]interface vlan 100
[sw1-Vlanif100]ip address 172.16.0.2 30

[sw1]int e0/0/11
[sw1-Ethernet0/0/11]port link-type access
[sw1-Ethernet0/0/11]port default vlan 100

[sw2]vlan 100
[sw2-vlan100]q
[sw2]int vlan 100
[sw2-Vlanif100]ip address 172.16.0.6 30

[sw2]int e0/0/22
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/22]port link-type access
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/22]port default vlan 100

[ISP]int g0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 24

4.路由-全网可达

【1】在R1和SW1/2上跑个OSPF协议

【2】对不需要发送hello包保活的接口设置成沉默接口（被动接口）

[sw1-ospf-1]silent-interface all

[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 100

[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Eth-Trunk 0

[sw1-ospf-1]undo silent-interface Vlanif 1

同理完成SW2的配置

【3】在R1上向外指一条缺省，在向内网下放一条缺省

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise

【4】NAT网络地址转换

[r1]acl 2000
[r1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r1-acl-basic-2000]q
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000