【py code everyday】2023-02-15

今天开始针对类开展测试
unittest模块中的6中断言方法：

assertEqual（a,b） 核实 a == b
assertNotEqual（a，b） 核实a != b
assertTrue（x） 核实 x 为
True assertFalse（x） 核实x为False
assertIn（item，list）核实item 在list中
assertNotIn（ltem，list）核实item不在list中

Method Use
assertEqual(a, b) Verify that a == b
assertNotEqual(a, b) Verify that a != b
assertTrue(x) Verify that x is True
assertFalse(x) Verify that x is False
assertIn(item, list) Verify that item is in list
assertNotIn(item, list) Verify that item is not in list

编写一个要测试的类，下面是要收集一个针对一个问题的匿名答案
匿名回答：anonymous answer
问卷：survey question
用了4个函数来实现
存储问卷，展示问卷，存储匿名答案，展示匿名答案

class AnonymousSurvey:
    #Collect anonymous answers to a survey question
    def __init__(self, question):
        #Store a question, and prepare to store responses.
        self.question = question
        self.responses = []
    def show_question(self):
        #Show the survey question
        print(self.question)
    def store_response(self,new_response):
        #Store a single response to the survey
        self.responses.append(new_response)

    def show_results(self):
        #Show all the responses that have been given
        print("Survey results:")
        for response in self.responses:
            print(f"- {response}")

from test import AnonymousSurvey

#定义一个问题，并创建一个调查。
question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)

#显示问题并存储答案
my_survey.show_question()
print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit. \n")
while True:
    response = input("Language: ")
    if response == 'q':
        break
    my_survey.store_response(response)

# 显示调查结果
print("\nThank you to everyone who participated in the survey!")
my_survey.show_results()

X:\Python\Python38\python.exe X:\python_work\homework.py 
What language did you first learn to speak?
Enter 'q' at any time to quit. 

Language: chinese
Language: english
Language: japanese
Language: q

Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey!
Survey results:
- chinese
- english
- japanese

Process finished with exit code 0

下面编写测试，对AnonymousSurvey类的行为进行验证：如果用户面对调查问题只提供一个答案，这个答案也能被妥善地存储
将在这个答案被存储后，使用方法assertIn（）

import unittest
from test import AnonymousSurvey

class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
	#针对AnonymousSurvey类的测试
	def test_store_single_response(self):
		#测试单个答案被妥善地存储
		question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
		my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
		my_survey.store_response('English')
		self.assertIn('English',my_survey.responses)
if __name__ == '__main__':
	unittest.main()

.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK
[Finished in 141ms]

首先导入模块unittest 和要测试的类AnonymousSurvey，将测试用例命名为TestAnonymousServey，它也继承了unittest.TestCase。

第一个测试方法验证：调查问题的单个答案被存储后，会包含在调查结果列表中。

所以用了single的描述名称
要测试类的行为，就需要创建其实例，使用问题question = “What language did you first learn to speak?”
然后一个名为my_survey的实例，接下来使用方法store_response存储答案English。
接下来检查English是否包含在列表my_survey.responses

接下来核实当用户提供三个答案时，它们也被妥善处理