Struts1入门之hello world
这是我最近学习struts1后,做的一个小demo,在此整理和总结一下。
IDE工具:eclipse
准备工作:
建项目:新建 Dynamic Web Project
导包:引入struts1对应的jar包到lib目录下
创建package:action 和 form
创建class:在action包下创建HelloWorldAction 和 在form包下创建HelloWorldForm
创建xml配置文件:在WEB-INF下创建struts-config.xml 和web.xml
创建jsp:在WebContent下创建index.jsp 和 helloWorld.jsp
如图所示:
代码如下:
HelloWorldAction:
package action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import form.HelloWorldForm;
public class HelloWorldAction extends DispatchAction{
public ActionForward toHello(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
HelloWorldForm hf = (HelloWorldForm)form;
String m = hf.getMsg();
request.setAttribute("msg", m);
return mapping.findForward("hello");
}
}
HelloWorldForm:
package form;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
public class HelloWorldForm extends ActionForm{
private String msg;
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
}
struts-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="helloWorldForm" type="form.HelloWorldForm" />
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/helloWorld" name="helloWorldForm" type="action.HelloWorldAction" scope="request"
parameter="method">
<forward name="hello" path="/helloWorld.jsp" />
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>helloworld</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>调用action方法跳转到helloWorld.jsp</h1>
<form action="helloWorld.do?method=toHello" method="post">
输入传递信息:<input type="text" name="msg"/>
<input type="submit" value="发送"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
helloWorld.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello world</h1>
<!-- 使用bean标签输出上个页面传过来的name属性的值 -->
<h5>bean标签输出:<bean:write name="helloWorldForm" property="msg"/></h5>
<!-- 也可以直接用${msg}输出 -->
<h5>EL表达式输出:${msg}</h5>
</body>
</html>
到此时struts1的hello world小demo就完成了。
不过传值的时候会发生中文乱码,解决方法就是创建一个过滤器拦截,并设置编码格式为UTF-8即可。
修改web.xml:在其中添加一个过滤器,放在<web-app></web-app>标签中间
<!-- 设置过滤器解决中文乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
创建一个filter包,其中新建EncodingFilter类:
package filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter{
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1, FilterChain arg2)
throws IOException, ServletException {
arg0.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
成功运行此demo时,说明你已经入门了struts1。