hibernate入门

hibernate自动建学生表

最近学习了hibernate，现在来整理一下做的一个小demo，根据配置文件在数据库自动建立学生表。

准备工作：

        IDE工具：mysql+eclipse

        entity实体类+对应的配置文件：Student.java，Student.hbm.xml。实体类用于记录实体Student的属性和方法，实体类配置文件用于配置数据库表与实体的对应关系。

        utils工具包:HibernateSessionFactory.java，用于获取session。

  hibernate.cfg.xml总配置文件：配置属性property，指定连接数据库的driver，url，username，password，hbm2ddl.auto，show_sql。以及配置映射文件mapping。

        execute包：executeService.java，执行main方法。

        建立数据库test：数据库要手动建立，hibernate只会自动建表，不会自动建库。

具体代码如下：

Student.java：

package entity;
public class Student {

	private String student_id;
	private String sname;
	private int age;
	public String getStudent_id() {
		return student_id;
	}
	public void setStudent_id(String student_id) {
		this.student_id = student_id;
	}
	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}
	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [student_id=" + student_id + ", sname=" + sname + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	

Student.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
        
 <hibernate-mapping>
 	<class name="entity.Student" table="student">
 		<id name="student_id" column="student_id">
 			<!-- 自动匹配MySQL或Oracle -->
			<!-- <generator class="native" />  -->
	         <!-- 程序指定 -->
			 <generator class="assigned" />  
 		</id>
 		
 		<property name="sname" column="sname" type="java.lang.String" ></property>
 		<property name="age" column="age" type="int" ></property>
 	</class>
 </hibernate-mapping>

HibernateSessionFactory.java

package utils;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateSessionFactory {

    private static String CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION = "/hibernate.cfg.xml";
    private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
    private  static Configuration configuration = new Configuration();    
    private static org.hibernate.SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private static String configFile = CONFIG_FILE_LOCATION;

	static {
    	try {
			configuration.configure(configFile);
			sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err
					.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    }
    private HibernateSessionFactory() {
    }
	
    public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();

		if (session == null || !session.isOpen()) {
			if (sessionFactory == null) {
				rebuildSessionFactory();
			}
			session = (sessionFactory != null) ? sessionFactory.openSession()
					: null;
			threadLocal.set(session);
		}
        return session;
    }

	public static void rebuildSessionFactory() {
		try {
			configuration.configure(configFile);
			sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.err
					.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%");
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
        Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get();
        threadLocal.set(null);

        if (session != null) {
            session.close();
        }
    }

	public static org.hibernate.SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
		return sessionFactory;
	}

	public static void setConfigFile(String configFile) {
		HibernateSessionFactory.configFile = configFile;
		sessionFactory = null;
	}
	public static Configuration getConfiguration() {
		return configuration;
	}

}

hibernate.cfg.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
	    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
	    	jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
	    </property>
       	<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
       		com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
       	</property>
       	<!-- Hibernate格式化SQL语句 -->
		<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
		<!-- Hibernate的方言：作用，根据配置的方言生成相应的SQL语句-->
       	 <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
       	<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
       	<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>  
		<!-- 是否启动表结构自动生成 -->
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		<!-- 是否在控制台显示SQL语句 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
            
        <!-- 2018-07-06 -->
         <mapping resource="entity/Student.hbm.xml" />
  
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

executeService.java：

package execute;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;

public class executeService {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Configuration conf = new Configuration().configure();// 读取并解析配置文件
		SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(conf);// 创建SchemaExport
		// 执行生成表。参数1：是否显示sql语句，参数2：是否到数据库里执行
		export.create(true, true);
	}
}

执行main方法，会发现数据库自动建立了一个student表，至此成功入门hibernate，完成其配置文件的编写。后面会将运用hibernate操作数据库，实现增删改查操作。