紫书第五章习题 5-1 UVa 1593 Alignment of Code

出处：https://blog.csdn.net/u014004096/article/details/41490339

You are working in a team that writes Incredibly Customizable Programming Codewriter (ICPC) which is basically a text editor with bells and whistles. You are working on a module that takes a piece of code containing some definitions or other tabular information and aligns each column on a fixed vertical position, while keeping the resulting code as short as possible, making sure that only whitespaces that are absolutely required stay in the code. So, that the first words on each line are printed at position p₁ = 1; the second words on each line are printed at the minimal possible position p₂, such that all first words end at or before position p₂ - 2; the third words on each line are printed at the minimal possible position p₃, such that all second words end at or before position p₃ - 2, etc.

For the purpose of this problem, the code consists of multiple lines. Each line consists of one or more words separated by spaces. Each word can contain uppercase and lowercase Latin letters, all ASCII punctuation marks, separators, and other non-whitespace ASCII characters (ASCII codes 33 to 126 inclusive). Whitespace consists of space characters (ASCII code 32).

Input 

The input file contains one or more lines of the code up to the end of file. All lines (including the last one) are terminated by a standard end-of-line sequence in the file. Each line contains at least one word, each word is 1 to 80 characters long (inclusive). Words are separated by one or more spaces. Lines of the code can have both leading and trailing spaces. Each line in the input file is at most 180 characters long. There are at most 1000 lines in the input file.

Output 

Write to the output file the reformatted, aligned code that consists of the same number of lines, with the same words in the same order, without trailing and leading spaces, separated by one or more spaces such that i-th word on each line starts at the same position p_i.

Note for the Sample:

The `' character in the example below denotes a space character in the actual files (ASCII code 32).

Sample Input 

  start:  integer;    // begins here
stop: integer; //  ends here  
 s:  string;   
c:   char; // temp

Sample Output 

start: integer; // begins here 
stop:  integer; // ends   here 
s:     string;
c:     char;    // temp

题意：

输入若干行代码，要求各列单词的左边界对齐且尽量靠左。

单词之间至少要空一格。每个单词不超过80个字符，

每行不超过180个字符，一共最多1000行。

注意输出时每行的最后一列后面没有空格符。

 

代码如下：代码中有详细的注释！

<pre name="code" class="cpp">#include<iostream>  
#include<sstream>  
#include<string>  
#include<vector>  
using namespace std;  
vector<string> txt[1314];  
string code,te;  
int max_len[250];//将每一列中最长的单词的长度保存下来，以便保证格式！  
void print(string s,int len)  
{//格式化输出！  
    for(int i=0; i<s.size(); i++)  
        cout<<s[i];  
    for(int i=0; i<=len-s.size(); i++)  
        cout<<' ';  
    //cout<<'*';  
}  
int main()  
{  
    int col=0,row=0;//代码行数,col表示每一行的“单词”个数！  
    while(getline(cin,code))  
    {  
        stringstream tran(code);//创建一个“字符串流”——tran，接下来只需要像读取cin那样读取tran即可！  
        while(tran>>te)  
        {  
            max_len[col]=max(max_len[col],(int)te.size());//比较长度取大值。  
            col++;  
            txt[row].push_back(te);//将每一个单词存进容器里面！  
        }  
        row++,col=0;  
    }  
    for(int i=0; i<row; i++)  
    {  
        int j=0;  
        for(; j<txt[i].size()-1; j++)  
            print(txt[i][j],max_len[j]);  
        cout<<txt[i][j]<<endl;//每行的最后一列是不用输出空格的！  
    }  
    return 0;  
}