leetcode 535. Encode and Decode TinyURL 编码和解码精简URL地址

TinyURL is a URL shortening service where you enter a URL such as https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl and it returns a short URL such as http://tinyurl.com/4e9iAk.

Design the encode and decode methods for the TinyURL service. There is no restriction on how your encode/decode algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a URL can be encoded to a tiny URL and the tiny URL can be decoded to the original URL.

这道题让我们编码和解码精简URL地址，这其实很有用，因为有的链接地址特别的长，就很烦，如果能精简成固定的长度，就很清爽。最简单的一种编码就是用个计数器，当前是第几个存入的url就编码成几，然后解码的时候也能根据数字来找到原来的url

代码如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <climits>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>
#include <functional>
#include <bitset>
#include <numeric>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;


class Solution
{
public:
    vector<string> url;
    // Encodes a URL to a shortened URL.
    string encode(string longUrl) 
    {
        url.push_back(longUrl);
        return "http://tinyurl.com/" + to_string(url.size() - 1);
    }

    // Decodes a shortened URL to its original URL.
    string decode(string shortUrl) 
    {
        auto pos = shortUrl.find_last_of("/");
        return url[stoi(shortUrl.substr(pos + 1))];
    }   
};