docker安装mysql

docker安装mysql 并处理时差问题

安装方式基本有两种，一种是pull的方式，一种是Dockerfile的方式，由于pull的方式pull下来后还需配置许多东西且不便于复用，个人比较喜欢使用Dockerfile的方式
所有docker支持的镜像基本都在https://hub.docker.com/
docker的官网上能找到合适版本的Dockerfile

首先创建mysql目录

mkdir mysql

cd mysql

创建conf目录,mysql的默认配置文件是 镜像里的/etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件。如果想要自定义配置，建议向宿主机conf 目录中创建 .cnf 文件，然后配置-v挂载。新建的文件可以任意起名，只要保证后缀名是 cnf 即可。新建的文件中的配置项可以覆盖镜像 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 中的配置项(若无自定义配置则可跳过，下面的run命令的-v /home/mhyj_dev/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d也可去掉)。

mkdir conf

vim Dockerfile,然后把复制的Dockerfile内容粘贴进去

vim Dockerfile

Dockerfile的内容为(在官网上也能找到你要的mysql的版本的Dockerfile,我这里是mysql5.7.26的版本)

FROM debian:stretch-slim


RUN \
  # install tzdata installation package
  && apk add --no-cache tzdata \
  # Set the time zone
  && echo "${TIME_ZONE}" > /etc/timezone \ 
  && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/${TIME_ZONE} /etc/localtime \

# add our user and group first to make sure their IDs get assigned consistently, regardless of whatever dependencies get added
RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg dirmngr && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# add gosu for easy step-down from root
ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.7
RUN set -x \
	&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
	&& wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture)" \
	&& wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$(dpkg --print-architecture).asc" \
	&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
	&& gpg --batch --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4 \
	&& gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu \
	&& gpgconf --kill all \
	&& rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc \
	&& chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu \
	&& gosu nobody true \
	&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove ca-certificates wget

RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
# for MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD
		pwgen \
# for mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
		openssl \
# FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db:
# File::Basename
# File::Copy
# Sys::Hostname
# Data::Dumper
		perl \
	&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN set -ex; \
# gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" imported
	key='A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5'; \
	export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \
	gpg --batch --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key"; \
	gpg --batch --export "$key" > /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/mysql.gpg; \
	gpgconf --kill all; \
	rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME"; \
	apt-key list > /dev/null

ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.7
ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.7.26-1debian9

RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/debian/ stretch mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list

# the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn't have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
# also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
RUN { \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ''; \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ''; \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ''; \
		echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; \
	} | debconf-set-selections \
	&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}" && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
	&& rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
	&& chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql /var/run/mysqld \
# ensure that /var/run/mysqld (used for socket and lock files) is writable regardless of the UID our mysqld instance ends up having at runtime
	&& chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld \
# comment out a few problematic configuration values
	&& find /etc/mysql/ -name '*.cnf' -print0 \
		| xargs -0 grep -lZE '^(bind-address|log)' \
		| xargs -rt -0 sed -Ei 's/^(bind-address|log)/#&/' \
# don't reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
	&& echo '[mysqld]\nskip-host-cache\nskip-name-resolve' > /etc/mysql/conf.d/docker.cnf


VOLUME /var/lib/mysql

COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat

ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

EXPOSE 3306 33060
CMD ["mysqld"]

然后按下Esc键 :wq保存

:wq

开始下载镜像

sudo docker build -t mysql .

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime -v /home/mhyj_dev/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7.26

1.说明：

• –name mysql ：指定容器名称
• -p 3306:3306：端口映射，默认mysql启动的是3306
• -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime ： 更改时区时间，踩过坑的朋友应该知道，docker容器的时间是UTC（Coordinated Universal Time，标准时间） 时区，会与服务器时间相差8个小时时差，所以创建容器的时候指定启动参数，挂载localtime文件到容器内 ，保证两者所采用的时区是一致的。
• -v /home/mhyj_dev/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d：将宿主机目录/home/mhyj_dev/mysql/conf挂载到容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d
• -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用户的密码，记得要把123456换成你真正的密码哦。

如果顺利，你现在已经安装成功了，你可以sudo docker ps -a查看自己安装的redis进程,sudo docker images查看镜像列表可以看到你自己装的redis镜像

sudo docker ps -a

sudo docker images