大话设计模式之简单工厂模式（Java总结）

设计模式是一套被反复使用，多人知晓的，经过分类的，代码设计经验的总结。熟练地运用设计模式可以优化你的代码结构，增强代码的稳定性和扩展性。
简单工厂模式是设计模式中比较简单，也比较经常用的一种设计模式。接下来我就用计算器运算的例子来讲解这个模式。


简单工厂模式示例图：


代码示例：

OperationFactory.java（简单工厂类）：

package simplefactory;

public class OperationFactory {
    public static Operation createOperate(String operate){
        Operation oper = null;
        switch(operate){
            case "+":
                oper = new OperationAdd();
                break;
            case "-":
                oper = new OperationSub();
                break;
            case "*":
                oper = new OperationMul();
                break;
            case "/":
                oper = new OperationDiv();
                break;
        }
        return oper;
    }
}

Operation.java（运算类）：

 

 

package simplefactory;

public abstract class Operation {
    private double _numberA = 0;
    private double _numberB = 0;

    public double get_numberA() {
        return _numberA;
    }

    public void set_numberA(double _numberA) {
        this._numberA = _numberA;
    }

    public double get_numberB() {
        return _numberB;
    }

    public void set_numberB(double _numberB) {
        this._numberB = _numberB;
    }

    public abstract double GetResult() throws Exception;
}

 

 

OperationAdd.java（加法类）：

 

package simplefactory;

public class OperationAdd extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double GetResult() {
        double result = 0;
        result = get_numberA() + get_numberB();
        return result;
    }
}

 

 

OperationSub.java（减法类）：

 

package simplefactory;

public class OperationSub extends Operation {

    @Override
    public double GetResult() {
        double result = 0;
        result = get_numberA() - get_numberB();
        return result;
    }
}

OperationMul.java（乘法类）：

 

 

package simplefactory;

public class OperationMul extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double GetResult() {
        double result = 0;
        result = get_numberA() * get_numberB();
        return result;
    }
}

 

 

OperationDiv.java（除法类）：

 

package simplefactory;

public class OperationDiv extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double GetResult() throws Exception {
        double result = 0;
        if(get_numberB() == 0)
            throw new Exception("除数不能为0.");
        result = get_numberA() / get_numberB();
        return result;
    }
}

Main.java

 

 

package simplefactory;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Operation oper;
        oper = OperationFactory.createOperate("+");
        oper.set_numberA(1);
        oper.set_numberB(2);
        double result = oper.GetResult();
        System.out.println(result);
    }
}

 

简单工厂类中可以根据条件通过运算类实例化多种运算，这样想要更改运算只需在main方法里改动就行了，增加运算的话就加多一个运算类，在工厂类中加多一个分支就行了。

 

 

 

参考资料：大话设计模式 程杰著  清华大学出版社