项目一 简单计算器的实现（源码）

头文件 mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QStack>
#include <QVector>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QQueue>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
    void ToPostfix();                 //中缀转后缀函数
    int precedence(const QChar &oper);//优先级函数
    void calculate();                 //计算函数
    void symbClicked();
    bool pointJudge;                   //小数点判断
    int count;                         //括号判断
    QVector<QString> history;
    QStack<QChar> signStack;           //创建符号栈
    QVector<QChar> postfix_expression; //创建数组变量用于后缀表达式
    //QQueue<QString> postfix_expression;
private slots:


    void on_btn1_clicked();

    void on_btn0_clicked();

    void on_btn2_clicked();

    void on_btn3_clicked();

    void on_btn4_clicked();

    void on_btn5_clicked();

    void on_btn6_clicked();

    void on_btn7_clicked();

    void on_btn8_clicked();

    void on_btn9_clicked();

    void on_btn_add_clicked();

    void on_btn_div_clicked();

    void on_btn_mul_clicked();

    void on_btn_sub_clicked();

    void on_btn_left_clicked();

    void on_btn_back_clicked();

    void on_btn_right_clicked();

    void on_btn_equal_clicked();

    void on_btn_clear_clicked();

    void on_btn_point_clicked();


private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

源文件 main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QString>
#include <QApplication> //包含一个应用程序类的头文件

//main程序入口   argc命令行变量的数量  argv命令行变量的数组
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    //a应用程序对象，在QT中，应用程序对象，有且仅有一个
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    //窗口对象 MainWindow父类->QMainWindow
    MainWindow w;
    //窗口对象 默认不会显示，必须要调用show方法显示窗口
    w.show(); 
    return a.exec();//让应用程序对象进入消息循环，相当代码堵塞在此行
}

源文件 mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QStack>
#include <QVector>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QQueue>

//命名规范
//类名 首字母大写， 单词和单词之间首字母大写
//函数名 变量名称 首字母小写，单词和单词之间首字母大写


MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    resize(800, 1080);
    signStack.clear();
    postfix_expression.clear();
    pointJudge = false;//判断是否可以输入小数点
    count = 0;//判断左右括号是否对称
}
//优先级次序函数
int MainWindow::precedence(const QChar &oper)
{
    if(oper.cell()=='('){
        return 0;
    }
    else if(oper.cell()=='+'||oper.cell()=='-'){
        return 1;
    }
    else if(oper.cell()=='*'||oper.cell()=='/'){
        return 2;
    }
    return 0;
}

//中缀转后缀函数
void MainWindow::ToPostfix()
{
    QString exp = ui->output->text();
    for(int i=0;i<exp.size();i++)
    {
        if(exp[i].isNumber()||exp[i]=='.')
        {
            postfix_expression.push_back(exp[i]);
        }
        else if(exp[i]=='(')
        {
            signStack.push(exp[i]);
        }
        else if(exp[i]==')')
        {
            postfix_expression.push_back(' ');  //空格用于分隔数字，使其不被认为是一整个数字
            while(signStack.top()!='(')
            {
                postfix_expression.push_back(signStack.pop());
            }
            signStack.pop();
        }
        else if(!signStack.empty())
        {
            postfix_expression.push_back(' ');
            if (precedence(exp[i])>precedence(signStack.top()))
            {
                signStack.push(exp[i]);
            }
            else
            {
                //qDebug()<<postfix_expression;   //输出表达式
                postfix_expression.push_back(signStack.pop());
                signStack.push(exp[i]);
            }
        }
        else {
            postfix_expression.push_back(' ');
            signStack.push(exp[i]);
        }

    }
    while(!signStack.empty())
    {
        QChar c = signStack.pop();
        postfix_expression.push_back(' ');
        postfix_expression.push_back(c);
    }
}

//实现后缀表达式计算
void MainWindow::calculate()
{
    QString extra;        //创建一个临时字符数组，用于转换
    QStack<double> ans; //创建栈用于运算和储存结果
    for(int i=0;i<postfix_expression.size();i++)
    {
        if(postfix_expression[i].isNumber()||postfix_expression[i]=='.')
        {
            extra.push_back(postfix_expression[i]);
        }
        else if(postfix_expression[i]==' ')
        {
             if(!extra.isEmpty())
             {
                ans.push(extra.toDouble());    //toDouble()函数 将字符型转化为浮点型数据  并入栈
                extra.clear();                 //转化完了后清空
             }
        }
        else
        {
            double a,b;
            a=ans.pop();
            b=ans.pop();

            if(postfix_expression[i].cell()=='+'){
                ans.push(b+a);
            }
            else if (postfix_expression[i].cell()=='-'){
                ans.push(b-a);
            }
            else if (postfix_expression[i].cell()=='*'){
                ans.push(b*a);
            }
            else if (postfix_expression[i].cell()=='/'){
                if(a!=0)   ans.push(b/a);
                else
                {
                      ui->outans->setText("除数不能为零！");
                      return;
                }
            }
        }

    }
    //计算器屏幕显示结果
    ui->outans->setText(QString::number(ans.top()));
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

void MainWindow::symbClicked()
{
    QString symbol = ((QPushButton*)sender())->text();
    QString exp = ui->output->text();

    if(exp.right(1) == "+" || exp.right(1) == "-" || exp.right(1) == "*" || exp.right(1) == "/")
        exp = exp.left(exp.size() - 1);
    else if (exp == "" || exp.right(1) == "("||exp.right(1) == ".")
        exp = exp + "0";

    ui->output->setText(exp.append(symbol));
    pointJudge = false;
}


void MainWindow::on_btn0_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    if(s=="0") {
        s = s.left(s.size() - 1);
    }
    ui->output->setText(s.append("0"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn1_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("1"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn2_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("2"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn3_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("3"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn4_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("4"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn5_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("5"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn6_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("6"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn7_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("7"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn8_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("8"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn9_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    ui->output->setText(s.append("9"));
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_add_clicked()
{
    symbClicked();
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_div_clicked()
{
    symbClicked();
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_mul_clicked()
{
    symbClicked();
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_sub_clicked()
{
   symbClicked();
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_left_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();

    if(s.right(1)==".")
        {
            s=s.left(s.size() - 1);
            pointJudge = false;
        }

    if(s.right(1)>="0" && s.right(1)<="9")
    {
      ui->output->setText(s.append("*"));
    }
    if (s.right(1)==')')
    {
      ui->output->setText(s.append("*"));
    }

    ui->output->setText(s.append("("));
    count++;
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_back_clicked()
{
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    if (s.right(1)==".") pointJudge = false;
    ui->output->setText(s.left(s.size() - 1));

}
void MainWindow::on_btn_right_clicked()
{

    QString s = ui->output->text();
    if (count>0)
    {
        ui->output->setText(s.append(")"));
        count--;
    }
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_equal_clicked()
{
    if (count!=0) ui->outans->setText("左右括号不匹配！");
    else
    {
    ToPostfix();
    calculate();
    QString s = ui->output->text();
    QString r= ui->outans->text();
    history.push_back(s);
    ui->out_history->append(s);

    }
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_clear_clicked()
{
    ui->output->clear();
    pointJudge = false;
    ui->outans->clear();
}
void MainWindow::on_btn_point_clicked()
{
    if (!pointJudge) {
        QString s = ui->output->text();
        if (s == "" )   s = s + "0";
        ui->output->setText(s.append("."));

        pointJudge = true;
    }
}