模板方法模式Python版--考题抄错会做也白搭

重复=易错+难改

class TestPaperA
    def TestQuestion1(self):
        print "Test question 1"
        print "Answer: b"
    def TestQuestion2(self):
        print "Test question 2"
        print "Answer: a"	
    def TestQuestion3(self):
        print "Test question 3"
        print "Answer: c"	

class TestPaperA
    def TestQuestion1(self):
        print "Test question 1"
        print "Answer: d"
    def TestQuestion2(self):
        print "Test question 2"
        print "Answer: b"	
    def TestQuestion3(self):
        print "Test question 3"
        print "Answer: a"			
		
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print "Student A's test paper: "
    studentA = TestPaperA()
    studentA.TestQuestion1()
    studentA.TestQuestion2()
    studentA.TestQuestion3()	
    studentB = TestPaperB() 
    studentB.TestQuestion1()
    studentB.TestQuestion2()
    studentB.TestQuestion3()

提炼代码

class TestPaper:
    def TestQuestion1(self):
        print "Test question 1"	   
    def TestQuestion2(self):
        print "Test question 2"
    def TestQuestion3(self):
        print "Test question 3"

class TestPaperA(TestPaper):
    def TestQuestion1(self):
        TestPaper.TestQuestion1()	
        print "Answer: b"  
    def TestQuestion2(self):
        TestPaper.TestQuestion2()		
        print "Answer: a"	
    def TestQuestion3(self):
        TestPaper.TestQuestion3()		
        print "Answer: c"		

class TestPaperB(TestPaper):
    def TestQuestion1(self):
        TestPaper.TestQuestion1()	
        print "Answer: d"   
    def TestQuestion2(self):
        TestPaper.TestQuestion2()		
        print "Answer: b"	
    def TestQuestion3(self):
        TestPaper.TestQuestion3()		
        print "Answer: a"	

客户端代码同上

改动一下，增加answer

class TestPaper:
    def TestQuestion1(self):
        print "Test question 1"	
        print "Answer: ",self.Answer1()		
    def TestQuestion2(self):
        print "Test question 2"
        print "Answer: ",self.Answer2()			
    def TestQuestion3(self):
        print "Test question 3"
        print "Answer: ",self.Answer3()			
	def Answer1(self)
	    pass
	def Answer2(self)
	    pass
	def Answer3(self)
	    pass		

class TestPaperA(TestPaper):
	def Answer1(self)
        return "b"  
	def Answer2(self)
        return "a"	
	def Answer3(self)
        return "c"			

class TestPaperB(TestPaper):
	def Answer1(self)
        return "d"  
	def Answer2(self)
        return "b"	
	def Answer3(self)
        return "a"	

模板方法模式

class AbstractClass:
    def PrimitiveOperation1(self):
        pass
    def PrimitiveOperation2(self):
        pass	
    def TemplateMethod(self):
        self.PrimitiveOperation1()
        self.PrimitiveOperation2()

class ConcreteClassA(AbstractClass):
    def PrimitiveOperation1(self):
        print "concrete class A operation 1"
    def PrimitiveOperation2(self):
        print "concrete class A operation 2"	

class ConcreteClassB(AbstractClass):
    def PrimitiveOperation1(self):
        print "concrete class B operation 1"
    def PrimitiveOperation2(self):
        print "concrete class B operation 2"			

if __name__ =="__main__":
    c = ConcreteClassA()		
    c.TemplateMethod()
    c = ConcreteClassB()		
    c.TemplateMethod()	

模板方法模式通过把不变行为搬移到超类，去除子类中的重复代码来体现它的优势。

模板方法模式就是提供了一个很好的代码复用平台。