目录
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1 需求和技术要求
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1.1 需求
- 实现账户的 CRUD 操作
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1.2 技术要求
- 使用 spring 的 IoC 实现对象的管理
- 使用 DBAssit 作为持久层解决方案
- 使用 c3p0 数据源
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2 环境搭建
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2.1 拷贝 jar 包
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2.2 创建数据库和编写实体类
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create table account( id int primary key auto_increment, name varchar(40), money float )character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci; insert into account(name,money) values('aaa',1000); insert into account(name,money) values('bbb',1000); insert into account(name,money) values('ccc',1000); -
/** * 账户的实体类 * @Version 1.0 */ public class Account implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String name; private Float money; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Float getMoney() { return money; } public void setMoney(Float money) { this.money = money; } }
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2.3 编写持久层代码
- 账户的持久层接口
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/** * 账户的持久层接口 * @Version 1.0 */ public interface IAccountDao { /** * 保存 * @param account */ void save(Account account); /** * 更新 * @param account */ void update(Account account); /** * 删除 * @param accountId */ void delete(Integer accountId); /** * 根据 id 查询 * @param accountId * @return */ Account findById(Integer accountId); /** * 查询所有 * @return */ List<Account> findAll(); } - 账户的持久层实现类
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/** * 账户的持久层实现类 * @Version 1.0 */ public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao { private DBAssit dbAssit; public void setDbAssit(DBAssit dbAssit) { this.dbAssit = dbAssit; } @Override public void save(Account account) { dbAssit.update( "insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney()); } @Override public void update(Account account) { dbAssit.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId()); } @Override public void delete(Integer accountId) { dbAssit.update("delete from account where id=?",accountId); } @Override public Account findById(Integer accountId) { return dbAssit.query("select * from account where id=?", new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountId); } @Override public List<Account> findAll() { return dbAssit.query("select * from account where id=?", new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class)); } }
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2.4 编写业务层代码
- 账户的业务层接口
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public interface IAccountService { /** * 保存账户 * @param account */ void saveAccount(Account account); /** * 更新账户 * @param account */ void updateAccount(Account account); /** * 删除账户 * @param account */ void deleteAccount(Integer accountId); /** * 根据 id 查询账户 * @param accountId * @return */ Account findAccountById(Integer accountId); /** * 查询所有账户 * @return */ List<Account> findAllAccount(); } - 账户的业务层实现类
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public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService { private IAccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } @Override public void saveAccount(Account account) { accountDao.save(account); } @Override public void updateAccount(Account account) { accountDao.update(account); } @Override public void deleteAccount(Integer accountId) { accountDao.delete(accountId); } @Override public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) { return accountDao.findById(accountId); } @Override public List<Account> findAllAccount() { return accountDao.findAll(); } }
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2.5 创建并编写配置文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> </beans>
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3 配置步骤
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- 配置 service --> <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置 dao --> <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="dbAssit" ref="dbAssit"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置 dbAssit 此处我们只注入了数据源，表明每条语句独立事务--> <bean id="dbAssit" class="com.itheima.dbassit.DBAssit"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///spring_day02"></property> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="1234"></property> </bean> </beans>
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4 测试案例
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4.1 测试类代码
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public class AccountServiceTest { /** * 测试保存 */ @Test public void testSaveAccount() { Account account = new Account(); account.setName("黑马程序员"); account.setMoney(100000f); ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class); as.saveAccount(account); } /** * 测试查询一个 */ @Test public void testFindAccountById() { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class); Account account = as.findAccountById(1); System.out.println(account); } /** * 测试更新 */ @Test public void testUpdateAccount() { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class); Account account = as.findAccountById(1); account.setMoney(20301050f); as.updateAccount(account); } /** * 测试删除 */ @Test public void testDeleteAccount() { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class); as.deleteAccount(1); } /** * 测试查询所有 */ @Test public void testFindAllAccount() { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class); List<Account> list = as.findAllAccount(); for(Account account : list) { System.out.println(account); } } }
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4.2 分析测试了中的问题
- 通过上面的测试类，可以看出，每个测试方法都重新获取了一次 spring 的核心容器，造成了不必要的重复代码，增加了开发的工作量。这种情况，在开发中应该避免发生。
- 可以考虑把容器的获取定义到类中去。例如：
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public class AccountServiceTest { private ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); private IAccountService as = ac.getBean("accountService",IAccountService.class); } - 这种方式虽然能解决问题，但是扔需要写代码来获取容器。
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