1.简介
- WebMvcConfigurer配置类其实是Spring内部的一种配置方式,采用JavaBean的形式来代替传统的xml配置文件形式进行针对框架个性化定制,可以自定义一些Handler,Interceptor,ViewResolver,MessageConverter。基于java-based方式的spring mvc配置,需要创建一个配置类并实现WebMvcConfigurer 接口;
- 在Spring Boot 1.5版本都是靠重写WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的方法来添加自定义拦截器,消息转换器等。SpringBoot 2.0 后,该类被标记为@Deprecated(弃用)。官方推荐直接实现WebMvcConfigurer或者直接继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport,方式一实现WebMvcConfigurer接口(推荐),方式二继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport类
2.WebMvcConfigurer 接口
public interface WebMvcConfigurer {
void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer var1);
void configureContentNegotiation(ContentNegotiationConfigurer var1);
void configureAsyncSupport(AsyncSupportConfigurer var1);
void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer var1);
void addFormatters(FormatterRegistry var1);
void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry var1);
void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry var1);
void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry var1);
void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry var1);
void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry var1);
void addArgumentResolvers(List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> var1);
void addReturnValueHandlers(List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> var1);
void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> var1);
void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> var1);
void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> var1);
void extendHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> var1);
Validator getValidator();
MessageCodesResolver getMessageCodesResolver();
}
3.解决跨域问题所需配置
创建一个config类 加入以下代码 即可实现重写
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
// 配置文件注解
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
@Bean
public WebMvcConfigurer corsConfigurer() {
return new WebMvcConfigurer() {
/**
* 跨域支持
*/
@Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
registry.addMapping("/**")
.allowedOrigins("*") //浏览器允许所有的域访问 / 注意 * 不能满足带有cookie的访问,Origin 必须是全匹配
.allowedMethods("*")
.allowCredentials(true) // 允许带cookie访问
.allowedHeaders("token")
.maxAge(3600);
}
};
}
}
4.扩展
addInterceptors:拦截器
addInterceptor:需要一个实现HandlerInterceptor接口的拦截器实例
addPathPatterns:用于设置拦截器的过滤路径规则;addPathPatterns("/**")对所有请求都拦截
excludePathPatterns:用于设置不需要拦截的过滤规则
拦截器主要用途:进行用户登录状态的拦截,日志的拦截等
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
super.addInterceptors(registry);
registry.addInterceptor(new TestInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/emp/toLogin","/emp/login","/js/**","/css/**","/images/**");
}
拦截器实现
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* l拦截器实现
*/
public class ReqInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Interceptor preHandler method is running !");
return super.preHandle(request, response, handler);
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Interceptor postHandler method is running !");
super.postHandle(request, response, handler, modelAndView);
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Interceptor afterCompletion method is running !");
super.afterCompletion(request, response, handler, ex);
}
@Override
public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Interceptor afterConcurrentHandlingStarted method is running !");
super.afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(request, response, handler);
}
}
addViewControllers:页面跳转
以前写SpringMVC的时候,如果需要访问一个页面,必须要写Controller类,然后再写一个方法跳转到页面,感觉好麻烦,其实重写WebMvcConfigurer中的addViewControllers方法即可达到效果了
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/toLogin").setViewName("login");
}
addResourceHandlers:静态资源
比如,我们想自定义静态资源映射目录的话,只需重写addResourceHandlers方法即可。
addResoureHandler:指的是对外暴露的访问路径
addResourceLocations:指的是内部文件放置的目录
/**
* 配置静态访问资源
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/my/**").addResourceLocations("classpath:/my/");
}
configureViewResolvers:视图解析器
这个方法是用来配置视图解析器的,该方法的参数ViewResolverRegistry 是一个注册器,用来注册你想自定义的视图解析器等。
/**
* 配置请求视图映射
* @return
*/
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver resourceViewResolver()
{
InternalResourceViewResolver internalResourceViewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
//请求视图文件的前缀地址
internalResourceViewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/jsp/");
//请求视图文件的后缀
internalResourceViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return internalResourceViewResolver;
}
/**
* 视图配置
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry registry) {
super.configureViewResolvers(registry);
registry.viewResolver(resourceViewResolver());
/*registry.jsp("/WEB-INF/jsp/",".jsp");*/
}
configureMessageConverters:信息转换器
/**
* 消息内容转换配置
* 配置fastJson返回json转换
* @param converters
*/
@Override
public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
//调用父类的配置
super.configureMessageConverters(converters);
//创建fastJson消息转换器
FastJsonHttpMessageConverter fastConverter = new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter();
//创建配置类
FastJsonConfig fastJsonConfig = new FastJsonConfig();
//修改配置返回内容的过滤
fastJsonConfig.setSerializerFeatures(
SerializerFeature.DisableCircularReferenceDetect,
SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue,
SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty
);
fastConverter.setFastJsonConfig(fastJsonConfig);
//将fastjson添加到视图消息转换器列表内
converters.add(fastConverter);
}