spring中import注解

1、@import是什么

  通过导入的方式实现把实例加入springIOC容器中，类似于xml中的import标签

	<!-- shiro -->
	<import resource="classpath:shiro/shiro.xml" />
	<!-- redis -->
	<import resource="classpath:cache/redis.xml" />
	<!-- dubbo -->
	<import resource="classpath:dubbo/dubbo.xml" />

2、@import是如何使用的

  通过查看@Import源码可以发现@Import注解只能注解在类上，以及唯一的参数value上可以配置3种类型的值Configuration，ImportSelector，ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar，源码如下：

/**
 * Indicates one or more {@link Configuration @Configuration} classes to import.
 *
 * <p>Provides functionality equivalent to the {@code <import/>} element in Spring XML.
 * Allows for importing {@code @Configuration} classes, {@link ImportSelector} and
 * {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar} implementations, as well as regular component
 * classes (as of 4.2; analogous to {@link AnnotationConfigApplicationContext#register}).
 *
 * <p>{@code @Bean} definitions declared in imported {@code @Configuration} classes should be
 * accessed by using {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired @Autowired}
 * injection. Either the bean itself can be autowired, or the configuration class instance
 * declaring the bean can be autowired. The latter approach allows for explicit, IDE-friendly
 * navigation between {@code @Configuration} class methods.
 *
 * <p>May be declared at the class level or as a meta-annotation.
 *
 * <p>If XML or other non-{@code @Configuration} bean definition resources need to be
 * imported, use the {@link ImportResource @ImportResource} annotation instead.
 *
 * @author Chris Beams
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 3.0
 * @see Configuration
 * @see ImportSelector
 * @see ImportResource
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {

	/**
	 * {@link Configuration}, {@link ImportSelector}, {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar}
	 * or regular component classes to import.
	 */
	Class<?>[] value();

}

基于Configuration的使用

	public class Cat {

	}
	@Configuration
	public class MyConfig {
	}
	@Import({ Cat.class,MyConfig.class}) 
	public class App {  
	}

基于自定义ImportSelector的使用

/**
 * 定义一个自定的ImportSelector
 */
	public class MyImportSelector implements  ImportSelector{
	       @Override
		public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
			if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
				return NO_IMPORTS;
			}
			try {
				AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = 
						AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
				AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
				List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata,
						attributes);
				configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
				configurations = sort(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
				Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
				checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
				configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
				configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
				fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
				return configurations.toArray(new String[configurations.size()]);
			}
			catch (IOException ex) {
				throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
			}
		}
}

	@Import({ MyImportSelector .class}) 
	public class App { 
		
	}

基于ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的使用

/**
 * 定义一个自定的ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
 */
public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar  implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar{
 	@Override
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata,
			BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		register(registry, new PackageImport(metadata).getPackageName());
	}
}
@Import({ MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class}) 
public class App { 
	
}