Zookeeper断网重连事件回调源码分析

“不积跬步，无以至千里。”

背景

• 确定使用Curator作为zk客户端的情况下，断网[发生SUSPENDED | LOST事件]重连后每次都会回调org.apache.curator.framework.state.ConnectionStateListener#stateChanged方法，且事件类型为org.apache.curator.framework.state.ConnectionState#RECONNECTED
• 部署zookeeper的版本为最新稳定版3.8.3，curator-recipes相关依赖的版本为5.5.0

源码分析过程

• 首先需要构建一个CuratorFramework对象，并基于这个CuratorFramework对象创建一个用于实现Leader选举功能的LeaderSelector，并将它启动

  public static final String leaderSelectorPath = "/source-code-analyse/reconnect";
  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
       CuratorFramework curatorFramework = newCuratorFramework();
       LeaderSelectorListener leaderSelectorListener = new LeaderSelectorListener() {
           @Override
           public void stateChanged(CuratorFramework curatorFramework, ConnectionState connectionState) {
               System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " Connection state changed : " + connectionState);
           }
  
           @Override
           public void takeLeadership(CuratorFramework curatorFramework) throws Exception {
               System.out.println("Thread " + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " get the leader.");
               TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20);
           }
       };
       LeaderSelector leaderSelector = new LeaderSelector(curatorFramework, leaderSelectorPath, leaderSelectorListener);
       leaderSelector.start();
       TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(100);
       leaderSelector.close();
       curatorFramework.close();
       System.out.println("Test completed.");
   }
  

    public static CuratorFramework newCuratorFramework() {
       CuratorFramework curatorFramework = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
               .connectString("192.168.0.104:2181")
               .sessionTimeoutMs(30000)
               .connectionTimeoutMs(6000)
               .retryPolicy(new ExponentialBackoffRetry(1000, 3))
               .threadFactory(ThreadUtils.newThreadFactory("ReconnectionTestThread")).build();
       curatorFramework.start();
       return curatorFramework;
   }
  

• 由于LeaderSelector的功能实现需要基于CuratorFramework，于是应该先看看CuratorFramework的start方法，直接看实现类CuratorFrameworkImpl

  @Override
  public void start()
  {
    log.info("Starting");
    if ( !state.compareAndSet(CuratorFrameworkState.LATENT, CuratorFrameworkState.STARTED) )
    {
      throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot be started more than once");
    }
    try
    {
      connectionStateManager.start();
      //省略代码
  

• 发现CuratorFrameworkImpl内部维护了一个与连接状态管理器，start方法中会启动它

• 在ConnectionStateManager的start方法中，会向线程池提交一个任务，去调用processEvents方法

  public void start()
  {
    Preconditions.checkState(state.compareAndSet(State.LATENT, State.STARTED), "Cannot be started more than once");
    service.submit
      (
      new Callable<Object>()
      {
        @Override
        public Object call() throws Exception
        {
          processEvents();
          return null;
        }
      }
    );
  }
  

• processEvents方法里面核心的内容就是，从eventQueue的一个阻塞队列中不断调用poll方法获取ConnectionState对象，因为处在一个while循环中，只要当前连接状态正常，就会一直去poll

  private void processEvents()
   {
       while ( state.get() == State.STARTED )
       {
           try
           {
               int useSessionTimeoutMs = getUseSessionTimeoutMs();
               long elapsedMs = startOfSuspendedEpoch == 0 ? useSessionTimeoutMs / 2 : System.currentTimeMillis() - startOfSuspendedEpoch;
               long pollMaxMs = useSessionTimeoutMs - elapsedMs;
  
               final ConnectionState newState = eventQueue.poll(pollMaxMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
               if ( newState != null )
               {
                   if ( listeners.isEmpty() )
                   {
                       log.warn("There are no ConnectionStateListeners registered.");
                   }
  
                   listeners.forEach(listener -> listener.stateChanged(client, newState));
               }
               else if ( sessionExpirationPercent > 0 )
               {
                   synchronized(this)
                   {
                       checkSessionExpiration();
                   }
               }
  
               synchronized(this)
               {
                   if ( (currentConnectionState == ConnectionState.LOST) && client.getZookeeperClient().isConnected() )
                   {
                       // CURATOR-525 - there is a race whereby LOST is sometimes set after the connection has been repaired
                       // this "hack" fixes it by forcing the state to RECONNECTED
                       log.warn("ConnectionState is LOST but isConnected() is true. Forcing RECONNECTED.");
                       addStateChange(ConnectionState.RECONNECTED);
                   }
               }
           }
           catch ( InterruptedException e )
           {
               // swallow the interrupt as it's only possible from either a background
               // operation and, thus, doesn't apply to this loop or the instance
               // is being closed in which case the while test will get it
           }
       }
   }
  

• 随后遍历所有的ConnectionStateListener，回调stateChanged方法，LeaderSelector有一个静态内部类叫做WrappedListener实现了LeaderSelectorListener，则这个WrappedListener的stateChanged方法会被回调

  @Override
  public void stateChanged(CuratorFramework client, ConnectionState newState)
   {
       try
       {
           listener.stateChanged(client, newState);
       }
       catch ( CancelLeadershipException dummy )
       {
           // If we cancel only leadership but not whole election, then we could hand over
           // dated leadership to client with no further cancellation. Dated leadership is
           // possible due to separated steps in leadership acquire: server data(e.g. election sequence)
           // change and client flag(e.g. hasLeadership) set.
           leaderSelector.cancelElection();
       }
   }
  

• 而上面的listener.stateChanged(client, newState)中listener变量就是构造LeaderSelector时传入的第三个构造参数：LeaderSelectorListener，就是我们自己实现的LeaderSelectorListener

  所以最终会回调到我们自定义的LeaderSelectorListener#stateChanged()方法

• 那么现在需要搞清楚ConnectionStateManager中的eventQueue是在哪里被放进去的

• 追溯一下方法调用，发现eventQueue中的元素，是在ConnectionStateManager#postState方法中offer进去的

  private void postState(ConnectionState state)
  {
    log.info("State change: " + state);
    notifyAll();
    //如果队列满了，offer失败，会先poll，之后继续offer
    while ( !eventQueue.offer(state) )
    {
      eventQueue.poll();
      log.warn("ConnectionStateManager queue full - dropping events to make room");
    }
  }
  

• 继续追溯来到org.apache.curator.framework.state.ConnectionStateManager#addStateChange方法

  public synchronized boolean addStateChange(ConnectionState newConnectionState)
  {
    //如果client不是启动状态直接返回false
    if ( state.get() != State.STARTED )
    {
      return false;
    }
    ConnectionState previousState = currentConnectionState;
    //如果新的连接状态和前一个一样，说明连接状态没有发生变化，不产生事件，直接返回了
    if ( previousState == newConnectionState )
    {
      return false;
    }
    currentConnectionState = newConnectionState;
    ConnectionState localState = newConnectionState;
    boolean isNegativeMessage = ((newConnectionState == ConnectionState.LOST) || (newConnectionState == ConnectionState.SUSPENDED) || (newConnectionState == ConnectionState.READ_ONLY));
    //如果是第一次连接，设置状态为CONNECTED
    if ( !isNegativeMessage && initialConnectMessageSent.compareAndSet(false, true) )
    {
      localState = ConnectionState.CONNECTED;
    }
    postState(localState);
    return true;
  }
  

• 继续看addStateChange方法被org.apache.curator.framework.imps.CuratorFrameworkImpl#validateConnection调用

  void validateConnection(Watcher.Event.KeeperState state)
  {
    //state为Disconnected的时候产生SUSPENDED事件
    if ( state == Watcher.Event.KeeperState.Disconnected )
    {
      suspendConnection();
    }
    //state为Expired的时候产生LOST事件
    else if ( state == Watcher.Event.KeeperState.Expired )
    {
      connectionStateManager.addStateChange(ConnectionState.LOST);
    }
    //state为SyncConnected的时候产生RECONNECTED事件
    else if ( state == Watcher.Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected )
    {
      connectionStateManager.addStateChange(ConnectionState.RECONNECTED);
    }
    //state为ConnectedReadOnly的时候产生READ_ONLY事件
    else if ( state == Watcher.Event.KeeperState.ConnectedReadOnly )
    {
      connectionStateManager.addStateChange(ConnectionState.READ_ONLY);
    }
  }
  

• 继续追溯validateConnection()的调用方是org.apache.curator.framework.imps.CuratorFrameworkImpl#processEvent

  private void processEvent(final CuratorEvent curatorEvent)
  {
    //只有事件类型是WATCHED时候，会调用这个validateConnection方法，连接状态的变更事件就是WARCHED
    if ( curatorEvent.getType() == CuratorEventType.WATCHED )
    {
      validateConnection(curatorEvent.getWatchedEvent().getState());
    }
    //省略代码
  }
  

• 这个processEvent方法在连接状态发生变化时，会被CuratorFrameworkImpl中CuratorZookeeperClient传入的一个匿名内部类Watcher给调用

  public CuratorFrameworkImpl(CuratorFrameworkFactory.Builder builder)
  {
    //这个ZookeeperFactory就是Curator创建Zookeeper的一个工厂
    ZookeeperFactory localZookeeperFactory = makeZookeeperFactory(builder.getZookeeperFactory(), builder.getZkClientConfig());
      this.client = new CuratorZookeeperClient
          (
              localZookeeperFactory,
              builder.getEnsembleProvider(),
              builder.getSessionTimeoutMs(),
              builder.getConnectionTimeoutMs(),
              builder.getWaitForShutdownTimeoutMs(),
              new Watcher()
              {
                  @Override
                  public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent)
                  {
                      CuratorEvent event = new CuratorEventImpl(CuratorFrameworkImpl.this, CuratorEventType.WATCHED, watchedEvent.getState().getIntValue(), unfixForNamespace(watchedEvent.getPath()), null, null, null, null, null, watchedEvent, null, null);
                      processEvent(event);
                  }
              },
              builder.getRetryPolicy(),
              builder.canBeReadOnly()
          );
          //省略代码
  }
  

• 并且在CuratorZookeeperClient构造函数中，创建了一个ConnectionState对象，用来管理客户端与zk的连接事件，同时把刚才的Watcher作为构造参数传给了ConnectionState，放到一个parentWatchers的队列中

    public CuratorZookeeperClient(ZookeeperFactory zookeeperFactory, EnsembleProvider ensembleProvider,
           int sessionTimeoutMs, int connectionTimeoutMs, int waitForShutdownTimeoutMs, Watcher watcher,
           RetryPolicy retryPolicy, boolean canBeReadOnly)
   {
       if ( sessionTimeoutMs < connectionTimeoutMs )
       {
           log.warn(String.format("session timeout [%d] is less than connection timeout [%d]", sessionTimeoutMs, connectionTimeoutMs));
       }
  
       retryPolicy = Preconditions.checkNotNull(retryPolicy, "retryPolicy cannot be null");
       ensembleProvider = Preconditions.checkNotNull(ensembleProvider, "ensembleProvider cannot be null");
  
       this.connectionTimeoutMs = connectionTimeoutMs;
       this.waitForShutdownTimeoutMs = waitForShutdownTimeoutMs;
       //创建了一个ConnectionState对象，管理客户端与zk的连接状态
       state = new ConnectionState(zookeeperFactory, ensembleProvider, sessionTimeoutMs, watcher, tracer, canBeReadOnly);
       setRetryPolicy(retryPolicy);
   }
  

   ConnectionState(ZookeeperFactory zookeeperFactory, EnsembleProvider ensembleProvider, int sessionTimeoutMs, Watcher parentWatcher, AtomicReference<TracerDriver> tracer, boolean canBeReadOnly)
   {
       this.ensembleProvider = ensembleProvider;
       this.tracer = tracer;
       if ( parentWatcher != null )
       {
           //把匿名内部类的Watcher对象传进来，放到parentWatchers中
           parentWatchers.offer(parentWatcher);
       }
  
       handleHolder = new HandleHolder(zookeeperFactory, this, ensembleProvider, sessionTimeoutMs, canBeReadOnly);
   }
  

• 然后在ConnectionState对象中看看哪些地方使用了这个parentWatchers对象，发现是一个process()方法

   @Override
   public void process(WatchedEvent event)
   {
       if ( LOG_EVENTS )
       {
           log.debug("ConnectState watcher: " + event);
       }
  
       if ( event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.None )
       {
           boolean wasConnected = isConnected.get();
           boolean newIsConnected = checkState(event.getState(), wasConnected);
           if ( newIsConnected != wasConnected )
           {
               isConnected.set(newIsConnected);
               connectionStartMs = System.currentTimeMillis();
               if ( newIsConnected )
               {
                   lastNegotiatedSessionTimeoutMs.set(handleHolder.getNegotiatedSessionTimeoutMs());
                   log.debug("Negotiated session timeout: " + lastNegotiatedSessionTimeoutMs.get());
               }
           }
       }
  
       for ( Watcher parentWatcher : parentWatchers )
       {
           OperationTrace trace = new OperationTrace("connection-state-parent-process", tracer.get(), getSessionId());
           //遍历Watcher，调用process方法，目前已知是在CuratorFrameworkImpl构造器中new的一个匿名Watcher，会回到我们自定义的ConnectionStateListener
           parentWatcher.process(event);
           trace.commit();
       }
   }
  

• 那么ConnectionState#process方法又是在哪里被调用的呢？这个找的有点深了，最终经过断点发现是在org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn.EventThread#processEvent中被调用

  private void processEvent(Object event) {
    try {
      if (event instanceof WatcherSetEventPair) {
        // each watcher will process the event
        WatcherSetEventPair pair = (WatcherSetEventPair) event;
        for (Watcher watcher : pair.watchers) {
          try {
            watcher.process(pair.event);
          } catch (Throwable t) {
            LOG.error("Error while calling watcher ", t);
          }
        }
       //省略代码
  

• 这个ClientCnxn已经不是Curator的源码了，属于Zookeeper原生API，是最底层用来管理客户端和zookeeper连接的一个组件，在new Zookeeper的时候被初始化，这个Zookeeper之前提了一下，会被Curator框架封装在ConnectionState中

  ConnectionState(ZookeeperFactory zookeeperFactory, EnsembleProvider ensembleProvider, int sessionTimeoutMs, Watcher parentWatcher, AtomicReference<TracerDriver> tracer, boolean canBeReadOnly)
  {
      this.ensembleProvider = ensembleProvider;
      this.tracer = tracer;
      if ( parentWatcher != null )
      {
          parentWatchers.offer(parentWatcher);
      }
  
      //这个zookeeperFactory里面封装了获取Zookepper的方法
      handleHolder = new HandleHolder(zookeeperFactory, this, ensembleProvider, sessionTimeoutMs, canBeReadOnly);
  }
  

• org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn.EventThread#processEvent方法又是在org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn.EventThread#run中调用，因为EventThread这个内部类继承了Thread类，所以在创建Zookeeper的时候就调用start()将线程启动了，同时启动的还有SendThread

  public ZooKeeper(String connectString, int sessionTimeout, Watcher watcher,
                   boolean canBeReadOnly)
    throws IOException
    //省略代码... ...
    cnxn = createConnection(
          connectStringParser.getChrootPath(),
          hostProvider,
          sessionTimeout,
          this.clientConfig,
          watcher,
          getClientCnxnSocket(),
          canBeReadOnly);
     cnxn.start();
  }
  

  public void start() {
    sendThread.start();
    eventThread.start();
  }
  

• 跟踪EventThread源码，可以看到，这个线程的run方法中也是采用while循环的方式不断从一个叫做waitingEvents的阻塞队列中take事件

  private final LinkedBlockingQueue<Object> waitingEvents =
              new LinkedBlockingQueue<Object>();
  @Override
  @SuppressFBWarnings("JLM_JSR166_UTILCONCURRENT_MONITORENTER")
  public void run() {
    try {
      isRunning = true;
      while (true) {
        Object event = waitingEvents.take();
        //如果不是一个new Object对象，交给processEvent方法处理
        if (event == eventOfDeath) {
          wasKilled = true;
        } else {
          processEvent(event);
        }
        //省略无关代码... ...
  }
  

• 那么重点就是这个waitingEvents的元素是在哪里add的？

• 在ClientCnxn中拿这个变量搜索一下，发现有两个地方会add，一个是queueEvent方法，一个是queuePacket方法，显然根据名字来看，第二个应该是添加和ZK进行交互的具体数据的(而后通过打断点的方式也确实验证了这一点)，而queueEvent()才是用来添加事件数据的

  public void queueEvent(WatchedEvent event) {
       queueEvent(event, null);
   }
  
  private void queueEvent(WatchedEvent event, Set<Watcher> materializedWatchers) {
      if (event.getType() == EventType.None && sessionState == event.getState()) {
          return;
      }
      sessionState = event.getState();
      final Set<Watcher> watchers;
      if (materializedWatchers == null) {
          // materialize the watchers based on the event
          watchers = watchManager.materialize(event.getState(), event.getType(), event.getPath());
      } else {
          watchers = new HashSet<>(materializedWatchers);
      }
      WatcherSetEventPair pair = new WatcherSetEventPair(watchers, event);
      // queue the pair (watch set & event) for later processing
      waitingEvents.add(pair);
  }
  

• 也就是说，当客户端和ZK server连接状态变更时（如重连）一定会在某个地方调用这个queueEvent方法，把变更状态放到阻塞队列中，等待消费

• 这块代码比较复杂，有兴趣可以自主阅读org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn.SendThread源码

• 简单的说，这块的处理流程是这样的：Zookeerper被创建的时候，会创建ClientCnxn，启动两个线程，一个是eventThread，另一个就是sendThread

• 这个SendThread主要作用就是用来跟zk通信的，而且还会搞一个心跳机制，定期去和zk ping一下，确定连接是正常的

• 在SendThread的run方法里有一个while循环，会检查如果你是断网状态，会不停的通过ClientCnxnSocket重新建立连接，连不上会重复进行此步骤

  //如果不是连接状态，会一直尝试建立连接，有兴趣的可以去startConnect方法看看，如果失败，会被外层的Catch块捕获，然后继续来到while循环，重新尝试建立连接
  if (!clientCnxnSocket.isConnected()) {
    // don't re-establish connection if we are closing
    if (closing) {
          break;
      }
      if (rwServerAddress != null) {
          serverAddress = rwServerAddress;
          rwServerAddress = null;
      } else {
          serverAddress = hostProvider.next(1000);
      }
      onConnecting(serverAddress);
      //这个方法中，最后会通过clientCnxnSocket组件连接zk，clientCnxnSocket.connect(addr);
      startConnect(serverAddress);
      // Update now to start the connection timer right after we make a connection attempt
      clientCnxnSocket.updateNow();
      clientCnxnSocket.updateLastSendAndHeard();
  }
  

• 一旦重新重新建立，会在org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn.SendThread#run方法中调用clientCnxnSocket.doTransport，开始和zk收发数据包

  //pengingQueue是已经发送并正在等待响应的数据包
  clientCnxnSocket.doTransport(to, pendingQueue, ClientCnxn.this);
  

• doTransport方法里面是NIO的代码，有兴趣可以自己研究下

• 最终会在org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxnSocket#readConnectResult读取zk响应的数据包，调用org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn.SendThread#onConnected方法，将数据放入waitingEvents阻塞队列中

  void readConnectResult() throws IOException {
    //省略无关代码
    sendThread.onConnected(conRsp.getTimeOut(), this.sessionId, conRsp.getPasswd(), isRO);
  }
  

  因为我们和ZK建立的不是一个只读连接，所以事件类型会是SyncConnected

  void onConnected(
            int _negotiatedSessionTimeout,
            long _sessionId,
            byte[] _sessionPasswd,
            boolean isRO) throws IOException {
     //省略无关代码
    KeeperState eventState = (isRO) ? KeeperState.ConnectedReadOnly : KeeperState.SyncConnected;
    eventThread.queueEvent(new WatchedEvent(Watcher.Event.EventType.None, eventState, null));
  }
  

  前面已经看到代码，在validate的时候，如果KeeperState是KeeperState.SyncConnected，会触发RECONNECTED事件，最终回调到我们自定义的ConnectionStateListener#stateChanged方法中

• 有兴趣的可以根据我的思路进行断点调试验证，不过有一些事异步的，注意打断点的时机

验证结果

• 使用CuratorFramework作为zookeeper客户端连接工具时，当发生断网重连时在自定义的ConnectionStateListener的stateChanged方法中确定会产生RECONNECTED事件