1.回顾事务
- 事务特性：要么都成功，要么都失败
- 事务在项目开发中十分重要，涉及到数据一致性问题，不能马虎
- 它用于确保数据一致性
事务的ACID原则
- 原子性：事务不可分割
- 一致性：事务执行不管成不成功，所有人的数据要一致；比如转账，那么参与转账双方的钱的总和应该保持不变
- 隔离性：操作同一数据的不同事务之间相互独立，互不干扰
- 持久性：事务成功之后，其结果必须影响数据库中的数据；即使事务失败，也要求使用某种机制恢复数据
2.代码实现
1.项目搭建
首先我们再来回顾一下spring整合mybatis
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创建新项目：Spring-11-Transaction
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子model依赖添加
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>Spring-Study</artifactId> <groupId>com.thhh</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>Spring-11-Transaction</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--junit依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--数据库依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <!--mybatis依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <!--spring依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--spring操作数据库，需要再导入一个spring-jdbc这个依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--AOP织入包，简单理解，支持切入点表达式等等--> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.9.4</version> </dependency> <!--mybatis-spring整合依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.5</version> </dependency> <!--lombok依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project> -
创建实体类
package com.thhh.pojo; import lombok.Data; @Data public class User { private int id; private String name; private String pwd; } -
有了实体类就为它创建一个mapper接口
package com.thhh.mapper; import com.thhh.pojo.User; import java.util.List; public interface UserMapper { public List<User> queryUserList(); } -
有了mapper接口就为它创建一个mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.thhh.mapper.UserMapper"> <select id="queryUserList" resultType="user"> select * from mybatis.user </select> </mapper> -
有了mapper.xml就去mybatis核心配置文件中注册，注意这一点，原来单独使用mybatis的时候，配置文件中的内容比较多，现在我们将spring和mybatis进行了整合，mybatis中一般只剩下了typealiases和setting节点的配置，其他配置都迁移到spring容器中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!--类型别名节点--> <typeAliases> <package name="com.thhh.pojo"/><!--直接包扫描，我们可以使用类名，首字母大小写都可以--> </typeAliases> </configuration> -
整合mybatis，创建spring配置文件，这里我们为了规范，先创建一个整个mybatis的配置文件spring-dao.xml，再创建一个总的配置文件applicationContext.xml；spring-dao.xml负责整合mybatis(即只装配两个bean，dataSource和sqlSessionFactory)，applicationContext.xml用于引入spring-dao.xml和装配bean(其他的bean都装配到这个spring容器中)
- spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!--数据源datasources：是呀spring的数据源替换mybatis的配置--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="123"/> </bean> <!--sqlsessionFactory--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!--绑定mybatis配置文件--> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/><!--这样两个配置文件就联动起来了--> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/thhh/mapper/*.xml"/><!--配置注册mapper.xml，对应mybatis中的注册mapper节点--> </bean> </beans>- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!--导入整合mybatis的子容器，最后所有的容器会整合成一个大容器--> <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/> <!--装配bean--> <!--方式2配置sqlsession--> <bean id="userMapperImpl" class="com.thhh.mapper.UserMapperImpl"> <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/> </bean> </beans> -
整合spring和mybatis的时候我们需要新增一个mapper接口的实现类来封装mybatis的操作，即UserMapperImpl
package com.thhh.mapper; import com.thhh.pojo.User; import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport; import java.util.List; public class UserMapperImpl extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper{ @Override public List<User> queryUserList() { return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).queryUserList(); } } -
测试
import com.thhh.mapper.UserMapper; import com.thhh.pojo.User; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import java.util.List; public class MyTest { @Test public void test01(){ ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); UserMapper userMapper = context.getBean("userMapperImpl", UserMapper.class); List<User> userList = userMapper.queryUserList(); for (User user : userList) { System.out.println(user); } } }
2.代码实现
需求：制造错误，用于认识spring操作中不使用事务的危险性
- 添加一个新增和删除用户操作
package com.thhh.mapper; import com.thhh.pojo.User; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; import java.util.List; public interface UserMapper { //1、查询所有用户 public List<User> queryUserList(); //2、新增用户 public int addUser(User user);//非基本数据类型不要写@Param注解，否则会报错 //3、删除用户 public int deleteUser(@Param("id") int id); } - 修改实现类
package com.thhh.mapper; import com.thhh.pojo.User; import org.mybatis.spring.support.SqlSessionDaoSupport; import java.util.List; public class UserMapperImpl extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper{ @Override public List<User> queryUserList() { return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).queryUserList(); } @Override public int addUser(User user) { return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).addUser(user); } @Override public int deleteUser(int id) { return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).deleteUser(id); } } - 去mapper.xml中编写SQL
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.thhh.mapper.UserMapper"> <!--1、查询用户--> <select id="queryUserList" resultType="user"> select * from mybatis.user </select> <!--2、新增用户--> <insert id="addUser" parameterType="user"> insert into mybatis.user (id, name, pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd}); </insert> <!--3、删除用户--> <delete id="deleteUser"> delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id} </delete> </mapper> - 制造一个错误，把delete关键字后面添加一个"S"，那么delete操作显然使用报错的
- 修改查询实现的mybatis对应的代码
@Override public List<User> queryUserList() { User user = new User(10,"10号","123"); UserMapper userMapper = getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class); userMapper.addUser(user); deleteUser(10); return userMapper.queryUserList(); }
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