Equations are given in the format A / B = k
, where A
and B
are variables represented as strings, and k
is a real number (floating point number). Given some queries, return the answers. If the answer does not exist, return -1.0
.
Example:
Given a / b = 2.0, b / c = 3.0.
queries are: a / c = ?, b / a = ?, a / e = ?, a / a = ?, x / x = ? .
return [6.0, 0.5, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0 ].
The input is: vector<pair<string, string>> equations, vector<double>& values, vector<pair<string, string>> queries
, where equations.size() == values.size()
, and the values are positive. This represents the equations. Return vector<double>
.
According to the example above:
equations = [ ["a", "b"], ["b", "c"] ], values = [2.0, 3.0], queries = [ ["a", "c"], ["b", "a"], ["a", "e"], ["a", "a"], ["x", "x"] ].
The input is always valid. You may assume that evaluating the queries will result in no division by zero and there is no contradiction.
可以用dfs和并查集
dfs解法:
class Solution {
public:
vector<double> calcEquation(vector<pair<string, string>> equations, vector<double>& values, vector<pair<string, string>> queries) {
unordered_map<string,vector<pair<string,double>>> adj;
unordered_set<string> vis;
for(int i=0;i<equations.size();i++){
string s1=equations[i].first,s2=equations[i].second;
double x=values[i];
adj[s1].push_back(make_pair(s2,x));
adj[s2].push_back(make_pair(s1,1/x));
}
vector<double> ans;
for(int i=0;i<queries.size();i++){
string s1=queries[i].first,s2=queries[i].second;
double val=dfs(s1,s2,adj,vis);
ans.push_back(val);
vis.clear();
}
return ans;
}
double dfs(string s1,string s2,unordered_map<string,vector<pair<string,double>>> &adj,unordered_set<string> &vis){
if(adj[s1].size()==0||adj[s2].size()==0)return -1;
if(s1.compare(s2)==0) return 1;
if(vis.find(s1)!=vis.end()) return -1;
vis.insert(s1);
for(auto itr=adj[s1].begin();itr!=adj[s1].end();++itr){
string next = itr->first;
double num = itr->second;
double ans = dfs(next,s2,adj,vis);
if(ans!=-1) return ans*num;
}
return -1;
}
};
并查集解法:
class Solution {
// date: 2016-09-12 location: Santa Clara City Library
public:
vector<double> calcEquation(vector<pair<string, string>> equations, vector<double>& values, vector<pair<string, string>> queries) {
unordered_map<string, Node*> map;
vector<double> res;
for (int i = 0; i < equations.size(); i ++) {
string s1 = equations[i].first, s2 = equations[i].second;
if (map.count(s1) == 0 && map.count(s2) == 0) {
map[s1] = new Node();
map[s2] = new Node();
map[s1] -> value = values[i];
map[s2] -> value = 1;
map[s1] -> parent = map[s2];
} else if (map.count(s1) == 0) {
map[s1] = new Node();
map[s1] -> value = map[s2] -> value * values[i];
map[s1] -> parent = map[s2];
} else if (map.count(s2) == 0) {
map[s2] = new Node();
map[s2] -> value = map[s1] -> value / values[i];
map[s2] -> parent = map[s1];
} else {
unionNodes(map[s1], map[s2], values[i], map);
}
}
for (auto query : queries) {
if (map.count(query.first) == 0 || map.count(query.second) == 0 || findParent(map[query.first]) != findParent(map[query.second]))
res.push_back(-1);
else
res.push_back(map[query.first] -> value / map[query.second] -> value);
}
return res;
}
private:
struct Node {
Node* parent;
double value = 0.0;
Node() {parent = this;}
};
void unionNodes(Node* node1, Node* node2, double num, unordered_map<string, Node*>& map) {
Node* parent1 = findParent(node1), *parent2 = findParent(node2);
double ratio = node2 -> value * num / node1 -> value;
for (auto it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); it ++)
if (findParent(it -> second) == parent1)
it -> second -> value *= ratio;
parent1 -> parent = parent2;
}
Node* findParent(Node* node) {
if (node -> parent == node)
return node;
node -> parent = findParent(node -> parent);
return node -> parent;
}
};