codeforces616D Longest k-Good Segment

滑动窗口，维护［l，r］。mp记录前面出现过的数的种数和每个数出现的次数。

对于a［r］而言，能加入到当前的序列中的条件就是出现过或者是前面的种数小于k。

否则就是l右移同时该数的数目减一，为0的话就种类减一。

/*****************************************
Author      :Crazy_AC(JamesQi)
Time        :2015
File Name   :取尺法
*****************************************/
// #pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <deque>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <climits>
using namespace std;
#define MEM(x,y) memset(x, y,sizeof x)
#define pk push_back
typedef long long LL;
typedef unsigned long long ULL;
typedef pair<int,int> ii;
typedef pair<ii,int> iii;
const double eps = 1e-10;
const int inf = 1 << 30;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
/********************************************************/
/**********************Point*****************************/
/********************************************************/
struct Point{
    double x,y;
    Point(double x=0,double y=0):x(x),y(y){}
};
typedef Point Vector;
Vector operator + (Vector A,Vector B){
    return Vector(A.x + B.x,A.y + B.y);
}
Vector operator - (Vector A,Vector B){//向量减法
    return Vector(A.x - B.x,A.y - B.y);
}
Vector operator * (Vector A,double p){//向量数乘
    return Vector(A.x * p,A.y * p);
}
Vector operator / (Vector A,double p){//向量除实数
    return Vector(A.x / p,A.y / p);
}
int dcmp(double x){//精度正负、0的判断
    if (fabs(x) < eps) return 0;
    return x < 0?-1:1;
}
bool operator < (const Point& A,const Point& B){//小于符号的重载
    return A.x < B.x || (A.x == B.x && A.y < B.y);
}
bool operator == (const Point& A,const Point& B){//点重的判断
    return dcmp(A.x - B.x) == 0&& dcmp(A.y - B.y) == 0;
}
double Dot(Vector A,Vector B){//向量的点乘
    return A.x * B.x + A.y * B.y;
}
double Length(Vector A){//向量的模
    return sqrt(Dot(A,A));
}
double Angle(Vector A,Vector B){//向量的夹角
    return acos(Dot(A,B) / Length(A) / Length(B));
}
double Cross(Vector A,Vector B){//向量的叉积
    return A.x * B.y - A.y * B.x;
}
double Area2(Point A,Point B,Point C){//三角形面积
    return Cross(B - A,C - A);
}
Vector Rotate(Vector A,double rad){//向量的旋转
    return Vector(A.x * cos(rad) - A.y * sin(rad),A.x * sin(rad) + A.y * cos(rad));
}
Vector Normal(Vector A){//法向量
    int L = Length(A);
    return Vector(-A.y / L,A.x / L);
}
double DistanceToLine(Point p,Point A,Point B){//p到直线AB的距离
    Vector v1 = B - A,v2 = p - A;
    return fabs(Cross(v1,v2)) / Length(v1);
}
double DistanceToSegment(Point p,Point A,Point B){//p到线段AB的距离
    if (A == B) return Length(p - A);
    Vector v1 = B - A, v2 = p - A,v3 = p - B;
    if (dcmp(Dot(v1,v2) < 0)) return Length(v2);
    else if (dcmp(Dot(v1,v3)) > 0) return Length(v3);
    else return DistanceToLine(p,A,B);
}
Point GetLineProjection(Point p,Point A,Point B){//投影
    Vector v = B - A;
    return A + v * (Dot(v, p - A) / Dot(v, v));
}
bool SegmentProperIntersection(Point A1,Point A2,Point B1,Point B2){//线段相交
    double c1 = Cross(A2 - A1,B1 - A1),c2 = Cross(A2 - A1,B2 - A1);
    double c3 = Cross(B2 - B1,A1 - B1),c4 = Cross(B2 - B1,A2 - B1);
    return dcmp(c1)*dcmp(c2) < 0 && dcmp(c3)*dcmp(c4) < 0;
}
bool OnSegment(Point p,Point A,Point B){//点在线段上
    return dcmp(Cross(A - p,B - p)) == 0 && dcmp(Dot(A - p,B - p)) < 0;
}
double PolygonArea(Point* p,int n){//多边形面积
    double area = 0;
    for (int i = 1;i < n - 1;++i){
        area += Cross(p[i] - p[0],p[i + 1] - p[0]);
    }
    return area / 2;
}
double PolygonArea(vector<Point> p){//多边形面积
    Point O(0,0);
    double ret = 0;
    p.push_back(p[0]);
    for (int i = 0;i < p.size() - 1;++i){
        ret += Cross(p[i] - O,p[i + 1] - O);
    }
    return ret / 2.0;
}
/********************************************************/
/**********************Line******************************/
/********************************************************/
struct Line{
    Point p;//直线上任意一点
    Vector v;//方向向量，它的左边就是半平面
    double ang;//极角
    Line(){}
    // Line(Point p,Vector v):p(p),v(v){}
    Line(Point A,Point B):p(A){
        v = B - A;
        ang = atan2(v.y,v.x);
    }
    bool operator < (const Line& rhs)const{
        return ang < rhs.ang;
    }
};
int n, k;
int a[500010];
map<int,int> mp;
int main()
{    
    // freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    // freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
    cin >> n >> k;
    for (int i = 1;i <= n;++i)
        scanf("%d",a + i);
    int r = 2,l = 1;
    mp.clear();
    mp[a[1]]++;
    int ansr = 1,ansl = 1;
    while(r <= n){
        if (mp.count(a[r]) || mp.size() < k){
            mp[a[r]]++;
            if (r - l > ansr - ansl){
                ansl = l;
                ansr = r;
            }
            r++;
        }else{
            if (mp[a[l]] == 1) mp.erase(a[l]);
            else mp[a[l]]--;
            l++;
        }
    }
    cout << ansl << ' ' << ansr << endl;
    return 0;
}