Java实现打印功能

前段时间项目中刚好有遇到这个需求，具体是实现将上传到服务端的附件进行不下载在线打印，打印时要进行预览。

一开始是想直接使用Java API的打印方法，具体实现时发现在启用后可以调出打印对话框，但打印机没有反应，查看了网上的很多方法，试了下还是不行，就放弃了。看下Java实现的代码：

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 
import javax.print.Doc;
import javax.print.DocFlavor;
import javax.print.DocPrintJob;
import javax.print.PrintException;
import javax.print.PrintService;
import javax.print.PrintServiceLookup;
import javax.print.SimpleDoc;
import javax.print.attribute.DocAttributeSet;
import javax.print.attribute.HashDocAttributeSet;
import javax.print.attribute.HashPrintRequestAttributeSet;
import javax.print.attribute.PrintRequestAttributeSet;
import javax.print.attribute.standard.MediaSizeName;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
 
public class PrintUtils {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FileInputStream textStream = null;
        try {
            textStream = new FileInputStream("C:\\CityLove.pdf");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
         
        //String printStr = "打印测试内容";// 获取需要打印的目标文本
        if (textStream != null) // 当打印内容不为空时
        {
            // 指定打印输出格式
            DocFlavor flavor = DocFlavor.INPUT_STREAM.PDF;//SERVICE_FORMATTED.PRINTABLE
            // 定位默认的打印服务
            PrintService printService = PrintServiceLookup.lookupDefaultPrintService();
            // 创建打印作业
            DocPrintJob job = printService.createPrintJob();
            // 设置打印属性
            PrintRequestAttributeSet pras = new HashPrintRequestAttributeSet();
            // 设置纸张大小,也可以新建MediaSize类来自定义大小
            pras.add(MediaSizeName.ISO_A4);
            DocAttributeSet das = new HashDocAttributeSet();
            // 指定打印内容
            Doc doc = new SimpleDoc(textStream, flavor, das);
            // 不显示打印对话框，直接进行打印工作
            try {
                job.print(doc, pras); // 进行每一页的具体打印操作
            } catch (PrintException pe) {
                pe.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else {
            // 如果打印内容为空时，提示用户打印将取消
            JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,
                    "Sorry, Printer Job is Empty, Print Cancelled!",
                    "Empty", JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION,
                    JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
        }
    }
 
 
}

之后就采用的POI方法装换文件，将word，Excel转成HTML页面，然后调用浏览器的打印功能。具体如下：

需要添加的maven依赖，对应版本，否则会报错

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	<artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
	<version>3.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
	<version>3.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> 
	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 
	<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
	<version>3.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	<artifactId>ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
	<version>1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> 
    <groupId>fr.opensagres.xdocreport</groupId> 
	<artifactId>xdocreport</artifactId> 
	<version>1.0.6</version> 
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
	<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
	<version>3.15</version><!--$NO-MVN-MAN-VER$-->
</dependency>

Java转换方法：

/**
   * doc转HTML
   */
  public String wordDocToHtml(String filePath) throws Exception {
    InputStream input = new FileInputStream(filePath);
    HWPFDocument wordDocument = new HWPFDocument(input);
    WordToHtmlConverter wConverter =
        new WordToHtmlConverter(DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder()
            .newDocument());

    wConverter.setPicturesManager(new PicturesManager() {
      @Override
      public String savePicture(byte[] content, PictureType pictureType, String suggestedName,
          float widthInches, float heightInches) {
        return suggestedName;
      }
    });

    wConverter.processDocument(wordDocument);
    List list = wordDocument.getPicturesTable().getAllPictures();
    if (list != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
        Picture picture = (Picture) list.get(i);
        picture.writeImageContent(new FileOutputStream(filePath + picture.suggestFullFileName()));
      }
    }

    Document document = wConverter.getDocument();
    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(document);
    StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(outputStream);
    TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    Transformer serializer = tFactory.newTransformer();
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "utf-8");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "html");
    serializer.transform(domSource, streamResult);
    outputStream.close();

    String content = new String(outputStream.toByteArray());
    String newFilePath = UuidUtil.getTimeBasedUuid() + ".html";
    File file = new File(filePath + newFilePath);
    FileUtils.writeStringToFile(file, content, "utf-8");

    return file.getName();
  }

/**
   * docx转HTML
   * 
   * @throws Exception
   */

  public String wordDocxToHtml(String filePath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
    String sysFileString = getSysFilePath(request);
    InputStream input = new FileInputStream(filePath);
    XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(input);
    XHTMLOptions options = XHTMLOptions.create(); // 存放图片的文件夹

    options.setExtractor(new FileImageExtractor(new File(sysFileString))); // html中图片的路径
    options.URIResolver(new BasicURIResolver(sysFileString));
    options.setIgnoreStylesIfUnused(false);
    options.setFragment(true);

    String newFilePath = UuidUtil.getTimeBasedUuid() + ".html";
    File file = new File(filePath + newFilePath);

    OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter =
        new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), "utf-8");
    BufferedWriter bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedWriter(outputStreamWriter);

    XHTMLConverter xhtmlConverter = (XHTMLConverter) XHTMLConverter.getInstance();
    xhtmlConverter.convert(document, bufferedOutputStream, options);

    if (outputStreamWriter != null) {
      outputStreamWriter.close();
    }

    return file.getName();
  }

/**
   * Excel转HTML
   * 
   * @throws Exception
   */
  public String excelToHtml(String filePath, String suffix) throws Exception {
    InputStream input = new FileInputStream(filePath);
    HSSFWorkbook excelBook = null;
    if (suffix.equals("xlsx")) {
      // 将07版转化为03版
      Xssf2HssfUtil xlsx2xls = new Xssf2HssfUtil();
      XSSFWorkbook xSSFWorkbook = new XSSFWorkbook(input);
      excelBook = new HSSFWorkbook();
      xlsx2xls.transformXSSF(xSSFWorkbook, excelBook);
    } else {
      excelBook = new HSSFWorkbook(input);
    }

    ExcelToHtmlConverter eHtmlConverter =
        new ExcelToHtmlConverter(DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder()
            .newDocument());
    int index = excelBook.getActiveSheetIndex();
    String sheetName = "";
    for (int i = 0; i < index + 1; i++) {
      // 设置字体
      HSSFFont font = excelBook.getFontAt((short) i);
      font.setCharSet(HSSFFont.DEFAULT_CHARSET);
      font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 8);// 更改默认字体大小
      font.setFontName("黑体");// 更改字体格式
      font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);// 非粗体显示
      // 去掉Excel头
      eHtmlConverter.setOutputColumnHeaders(false);
      // 去掉Excel行号
      eHtmlConverter.setOutputRowNumbers(false);
      // 去掉表名

      sheetName = sheetName + " ";
      excelBook.setSheetName(i, sheetName + " ");
    }

    eHtmlConverter.processWorkbook(excelBook);
    List pics = excelBook.getAllPictures();
    if (pics != null) {
      for (int i = 0; i < pics.size(); i++) {
        Picture pic = (Picture) pics.get(i);
        pic.writeImageContent(new FileOutputStream(filePath + pic.suggestFullFileName()));
      }
    }

    Document htmlDocument = eHtmlConverter.getDocument();
    ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(htmlDocument);
    StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(outStream);
    TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
    Transformer serializer = tf.newTransformer();
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "utf-8");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
    serializer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "html");
    serializer.transform(domSource, streamResult);
    outStream.close();

    String content = new String(outStream.toByteArray());
    String newFilePath = UuidUtil.getTimeBasedUuid() + ".html";
    File file = new File(filePath + newFilePath);
    FileUtils.writeStringToFile(file, content, "utf-8");

    return file.getName();
  }

最终虽然大致实现了功能，但是还有很多问题，在文件转换时，有很多样式没法保存，比如说有的下划线丢失了，文档的对齐格式跑偏。这几个问题有尝试去修改，在网上也搜了很多，没有找到解决方法。个人觉得还是把文件转成PDF格式，再去进行操作可能会更好一点。

希望分享对大家有所帮助，欢迎留言改进。