Java入门超简单程序Treasure Hunting

Treasure Hunting 

The goal of this assignment is to write a program, TreasureHunting, that plays the game of finding a treasure that is located in the 10-by-10 grid.

The player has 10 chances to guess its location. The location of the treasure is by selecting two random integers between 1 and 10. After the user enters a guess, if the guess does not match the true location, the program gives the user two tips. The first tip is approximately how far the guess is from the true location: whether the distance between the guess and the true location is very small, reasonably small, or not. The second tip is offered the second round on, and is whether the distance is smaller than the previous round. After showing these tips, the program shows a diagram that presents the location of the present guess and the previous guess.

Since many variables are involved in the program, the program shall use eight global int variables:

   static int trueX, trueY;
   static int prevX, prevY;
   static int nowX, nowY
   static int prevDistance, nowDistance;

The variables trueX and trueY are for storing the locations of the treasure. The variables prevX and prevY are for storing the guesses from the previous round. The variables nowX and nowY are for storing the guesses in the previous round. The variables prevDistance and nowDistance are for storing the previous and the present distances of the guesses from the true location.

The action that the program performs is in the following steps:

1. Call a method, openingMessage(), to print the rules of the program.

2. Call a method, initialize(), to select random locations for the treasure.

3. Execute a for-loop that iterates over the range 1 to 10 with the iteration variable, say i, with the following series of action:

(a)  Print the value of round.

(b)  Optionally, print the location of the treasure (so as to make sure that the program is working).

(c)  Call a method, receiveGuess(), to receive a guess from the user.

(d)  If the value of nowDistance is equal to 0, terminate the loop immediately by calling

break.

(e)  Call a method, checkDistance(), to give the first tip.

(f) If the value of round is greater than or equal to 2, call a method, advise(). Before the end of the program, report the true location.

The method openingMessage

For openingMessage, the program explains the rule of the game as follows:

#######################################################
# A treasure has been hidden at a location in a 10x10 #
# gird. Guess where it is. You have 10 chances.       #
#######################################################

The method initialize

For initialize, the program sets -1 to nowX and nowY,assigns a random integer between 1 and 10 to trueX, assigns another random integer between 1 and 10 to trueY, and assign a large value, say 20, to nowDistance.

The program reports the round in the following manner:

---- Round M ----
where M is the round. The program prints the location of the treasure in the format: X,Y

The method receiveGuess

In receiveGuess, before receiving the new guess, the program needs to update the “previous” values with the “present” values. Then it receives two guesses, one for X and the other for Y. After that, the program updates the distance. The distance between the true location and the guessed location is in the Manhattan distance, which is the sum of the absolute distance on the x-axis and the absolute distance on the y-axis.

The method show

This method uses a double for-loop to print the locations of the present and the previous guesses.

Here is an example of an output generated by the method:

.......... 10
.......... 9
.......... 8
...P...... 7
.......... 6
.....@.... 5
.......... 4
.......... 3
.......... 2
.......... 1
@ = current, P = previous

The numbers appearing at the end of the lines are the y-coordinates. The character P represents the previous location. The character @ represents the current location. The period . represents the rest. The external for-loop generates the value for y going down from 10 to 1 and the internal for-loop generates the value for x going up from 1 to 10. In the body of the internal loop, the method checks whether the combination of x and y is equal to the combination of nowX and nowY, and if so, print "@"; otherwise, the method checks whether the combination of x and y is equal to the combination of prevX and prevY, and if so, print "P"; otherwise, it prints ".". After completing the internal for-loop, the method prints one whitespace and the value of y. After completing the external for-loop, the method prints the line that says "@ = current, P = previous".

The method checkDistance

The method computes the Manhattan distance between nowX, nowY and trueX, trueY, which is as the sum of the absolute difference between nowX and trueX and the absolute difference between nowY and trueY. It uses int constants CLOSE and FAR. Their values are set to 3 and 6. After calculating the value of the Manhattan distance, the method prints a statement according to its value:

• 0: "You have found the treasure!"
• 1, 2, 3: "The distance is no more than 3."
• 4, 5, 6: "The distance is no more than 6."
• 7 or higher: "The distance is more than 6."

The method advise

The method computes the difference of the two distance values. Depending on the sign of this

difference, the method prints the following: • 0: "The same distance"

• 1 or higher: "You are farther."
• −1 or smaller: "You are closer."

Execution Examples

In this example, the user does not find it.

#######################################################
# A treasure has been hidden at a location in a 10x10 #
# gird. Guess where it is. You have 10 chances.       #
#######################################################
---- Round 1 ----
4,8
Enter your guess for X, Y: 3 5 The distance is no more than 6
..........10 

..........9 

..........8

..........7 

..........6 

..@.......5

..........4

..........3 

..........2 

..........1
@ = current, P = previous

---- Round 2 ----
4,8
Enter your guess for X, Y: 5 9 The distance is no more than 3. You are closer.
..........10 
....@.....9 
..........8 
..........7 
..........6 
..P.......5 
..........4 
..........3 
..........2 
..........1
@ = current, P = previous

---- Round 3 ----
4,8
Enter your guess for X, Y: 6 5 The distance is no more than 6. You are farther.
..........10 
....P.....9
..........8 
..........7 
..........6 
.....@....5
..........4 
..........3 
..........2 
..........1
@ = current, P = previous

---- Round 4 ----
4,8
Enter your guess for X, Y: 4 8
You have found the treasure!
The treasure was at (4,8).

Solution:

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Game {

    static int trueX, trueY;
    static int prevX, prevY;
    static int nowX, nowY;
    static int prevDistance, nowDistance;

    public static void openingMessage() {
        String message = "#######################################################\n" +
                "# A treasure has been hidden at a location in a 10x10 #\n" +
                "# gird. Guess where it is. You have 10 chances.       #\n" +
                "#######################################################";
        System.out.println(message);

    }

    public static void initialize() {

        nowX = -1;
        nowY = -1;
        Random random = new Random();
        trueX = random.nextInt(9) + 1;
        trueY = random.nextInt(9) + 1;
        //trueX = 4;
        //trueY = 8;
        nowDistance = 20;
    }

    public static void receiveGuess() {
        prevX = nowX;
        prevY = nowY;
        prevDistance = nowDistance;

        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        nowX = scanner.nextInt();
        nowY = scanner.nextInt();
        nowDistance = Math.abs(nowX - trueX) + Math.abs(nowY - trueY);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        openingMessage();
        initialize();

        for (int m = 1; m <= 10; m++) {
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("---- Round " + m + " ----");
            System.out.println(trueX + "," + trueY);
            System.out.print("Enter your guess for X, Y:");
            receiveGuess();
            checkDistance();
            if (nowDistance == 0) {
                break;
            }
            if (m >= 2) {
                advise();
            }
            show();
        }
        System.out.println("The treasure was at (" + trueX + "," + trueY + ").");
    }

    public static void show() {

        for (int y = 10; y >= 1; y--) {

            for (int x = 1; x <= 10; x++) {
                if (x == nowX && y == nowY) {
                    System.out.print("@");
                } else if (x == prevX && y == prevY) {
                    System.out.print("P");
                } else {
                    System.out.print(".");
                }

            }
            System.out.println(y);

        }
        System.out.println("@ = current, P = previous");
    }

    public static void advise() {
        if (nowDistance < prevDistance) {
            System.out.println("You are closer.");
        } else if (nowDistance > prevDistance) {
            System.out.println("You are farther.");
        } else {
            System.out.println("The same distance");
        }
    }

    public static void checkDistance() {
        if (nowDistance == 0) {
            System.out.println("You have found the treasure!");
        } else if (nowDistance >= 1 && nowDistance <= 3) {
            System.out.println("The distance is no more than 3.");
        } else if (nowDistance >= 4 && nowDistance <= 6) {
            System.out.println("The distance is no more than 6.");
        } else {
            System.out.println("The distance is more than 6.");
        }

    }

}