Laravel firstOrCreate、firstOrNew、updateOrCreate、insert

本文通过具体示例，不仅展示了firstOrCreate、firstOrNew、updateOrCreate、insert四种用法的区别，也间接说明了CREATED_AT、UPDATED_AT的用法，还请大家仔细体会。

// 定义模型
namespace App\Model;

class User extends BaseModel
{
    protected $table = 'user';
    public $timestamps = true;
    const CREATED_AT = 'create_time';
    const UPDATED_AT = 'last_login_time';

    public function __construct(array $attributes = [])
    {
        parent::__construct($attributes);
    }
}

1.使用firstOrCreate()

// 记录不存在
public function testFirstOrCreate()
{
    $rs = User::firstOrCreate([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '1234567',
    ], ['phone' => 15911112222]);
    var_export($rs->toArray());
}

输出结果：
array (
    'actorgid' => '11111111',
    'user_id' => '1234567',
    'phone' => 15911112222,
    'last_login_time' => '2020-10-15 16:01:42',
    'create_time' => '2020-10-15 16:01:42',
    'id' => 267592,
)
注：通过sql日志可以看到，这里返回的是参与insert的字段以及insert之后的返回值id；

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 16:01:42: select * from `user` where (`actorgid` = '11111111' and `user_id` = '1234567') limit 1
2020-10-15 16:01:42: insert into `user` (`actorgid`, `user_id`, `phone`, `last_login_time`, `create_time`) values ('11111111', '1234567', 15926292222, '2020-10-15 16:01:42', '2020-10-15 16:01:42')

// 如果已经存在，则返回该记录
public function testFirstOrCreate2()
{
    $rs = User::firstOrCreate([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '1234567',
    ], ['phone' => 15926292223]);

    var_export($rs->toArray());
}

输出结果：
array (
    'id' => 267592,
    'actid' => 0,
    'actorgid' => 11111111,
    'user_id' => 1234567,
    'phone' => '15911112222',
    'last_login_time' => '2020-10-15 16:01:42',
    'create_time' => '2020-10-15 16:01:42',
)

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 16:14:08: select * from `user` where (`actorgid` = '11111111' and `user_id` = '1234567') limit 1

2.使用firstOrNew()

// 记录不存在, 则创建
public function testFirstOrNew()
{
    $model = User::firstOrNew([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '3001',
    ], ['phone' => 15926293001]);
    $rs = $model->save();
    var_export($rs);
}

输出结果：
true

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 16:22:18: select * from `user` where (`actorgid` = '11111111' and `user_id` = '3001') limit 1
2020-10-15 16:22:18: insert into `user` (`actorgid`, `user_id`, `phone`, `last_login_time`, `create_time`) values ('11111111', '3001', 15926293001, '2020-10-15 16:22:18', '2020-10-15 16:22:18')

// 记录存在则更新的用法
public function testFirstOrNew2()
{
    $params = [
        'phone' => 15926293003
    ];
    $model = User::firstOrNew([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '3001',
    ], $params);
    if ($model->id) {
        $params['last_login_time'] = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $model->fill($params);
    }
    $model->save();
}

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 15:31:42: select * from `user` where (`actorgid` = '11111111' and `user_id` = '3001') limit 1
2020-10-15 15:31:42: update `user` set `phone` = 15926293003, `last_login_time` = '2020-10-15 15:31:42' where `id` = 267589

注：如果手机号没有变化，update的时候就不会带手机号

3.updateOrCreate()

// 记录不存在则创建
public function testUpdateOrCreate()
{
    $rs = User::updateOrCreate([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '3002',
    ], ['phone' => 15911112222]);
    var_export($rs->toArray());
}

输出结果：
array (
  'actorgid' => '11111111',
  'user_id' => '3002',
  'phone' => 15911112222,
  'last_login_time' => '2020-10-15 16:28:30',
  'create_time' => '2020-10-15 16:28:30',
  'id' => 267594,
)

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 16:28:30: select * from `user` where (`actorgid` = '11111111' and `user_id` = '3002') limit 1
2020-10-15 16:28:30: insert into `user` (`actorgid`, `user_id`, `phone`, `last_login_time`, `create_time`) values ('11111111', '3002', 15926293002, '2020-10-15 16:28:30', '2020-10-15 16:28:30')

// 记录存在则更新
public function testUpdateOrCreate2()
{
    $rs = User::updateOrCreate([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '3002',
    ], ['phone' => 15911112222]);
    var_export($rs->toArray());
}

输出结果： 
array (
  'id' => 267594,
  'actid' => 0,
  'actorgid' => 11111111,
  'user_id' => 3002,
  'phone' => 15911112222,
  'last_login_time' => '2020-10-15 16:30:48',
  'create_time' => '2020-10-15 16:28:30',
)

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 16:30:48: select * from `user` where (`actorgid` = '11111111' and `user_id` = '3002') limit 1
2020-10-15 16:30:48: update `user` set `phone` = 15911112222, `last_login_time` = '2020-10-15 16:30:48' where `id` = 267594

4.使用insert()

public function testInsert()
{
    $flag = User::insert([
        'actorgid' => '11111111',
        'user_id' => '12345678',
        'phone' => 15911112222
    ]);
    echo $flag;
}

输出结果：
1

sql执行日志：
2020-10-15 16:44:06: insert into `user` (`actorgid`, `user_id`, `phone`) values ('11111111', '12345678', 15911112222)

---

参考链接

• firstOrCreate、firstOrNew、updateOrCreate 方法使用
  
• Laravel Eloquent：修改 created_at 和 updated_at 名称
• Laravel & Eloquent 模型设置 created_at 和 updated_at
  
• laravel 创建和查询时自动转换created_at和updated_at时间格式