JWT安装配置

1. JWT安装配置

1.1 安装JWT

pip install djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0

1.2 syL/settings.py 配置jwt载荷中的有效期设置

# jwt载荷中的有效期设置
JWT_AUTH = {
# 1.token前缀： headers中 Authorization 值的前缀
'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
# 2.token有效期： 一天有效
'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1), # 3. 刷 新 token： 允 许 使 用 旧 的 token 换 新 token 'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True,
# 4.token 有 效 期 ： token 在 24 小 时 内 过 期 , 可 续 期 token 'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24), # 5.自定义JWT载荷信息： 自定义返回格式， 需要手工创建
'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler',
}

1.3 syl/settings.py jwt结合DRF进行认证权限配置

# 在DRF配置文件中开启认证和权限
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
...
# 用户登陆认证方式
	'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
		'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', DRF中配置JWT认证
		# 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',	# 使用session时的认证器
		# 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'# 提交表单时的认证器],
	# 权限配置, 顺序靠上的严格
	'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
		# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser', 	#管理员可以访问	
		'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',		#全局配置只有认证用户可以访问接口
		# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly',		#认证用户可以访问, 否则只能读取
		# 'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny',		#所有用户都可以访问
],
}

1.4 user/urls.py 增加获取token接口和刷新token接口

from django.urls import include, path
from rest_framework.authtoken.views import obtain_auth_token

from user import views
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token, refresh_jwt_token

# 自动生成路由方法, 必须使用视图集
# router = SimpleRouter()	# 没有根路由	/user/ 无法识别router = DefaultRouter()	# 有根路由router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet)

urlpatterns = [
	path('index/', views.index),	# 函数视图path('login/', 	
	obtain_jwt_token),	# 获取token， 登录视图path('refresh/', 	
	refresh_jwt_token),	# 刷 新 token path('api-auth/', 
	include('rest_framework.urls',
	namespace='rest_framework')),	# 认证地址
]

urlpatterns += router.urls	# 模块地址
# print(router.urls)

1.5 在urls/utils.py 中重写jwt_response_payload_handler

def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None):
	 """
	自定义jwt认证成功返回数据
	:token	返回的jwt
	:user	当前登录的用户信息[对象]
	:request 当前本次客户端提交过来的数据
	:role 角色
	"""
	if user.first_name:
		name = user.first_name 
	else:
		name = user.username 
	return {
		'authenticated': 'true', 'id': user.id,
		"role": role,
		'name': name,
		'username': user.username, 
		'email': user.email, 
		'token': token,
}

2. postman测试接口

2.1 测试登录接口，获取token

'''自定义认证和权限优先级更高， 可以覆盖settings.py中的 '''
 # 自定义权限类
permission_classes = (MyPermission,) 
# 自定义认证类, 自定义会覆盖全局配置
authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,)

2.2 使用获得的token获取所有用户信息

   http://192.168.56.100:8888/user/user/

3. 源码分析

from rest_framework.views import APIView


class JSONWebTokenAPIView(APIView):
    """
Base API View that various JWT interactions inherit from.
"""


    permission_classes = ()
    authentication_classes = ()


    def get_serializer_context(self):
        """
        Extra context provided to the serializer class.
        """


        return {
            'request': self.request, 'view': self,
            }


    def get_serializer_class(self):
        """
    Return the class to use for the serializer. Defaults to using `self.serializer_class`.
    You may want to override this if you need to provide different serializations depending on the incoming request.
    (Eg. admins get full serialization, others get basic serialization)
    """


        assert self.serializer_class is not None, (
                "'%s' should either include a `serializer_class` attribute, " 
                "or override the `get_serializer_class()` method."
                % self.__class____name__)
        return self.serializer_class


    def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs):
    """
    Return the serializer instance that should be used for validating and deserializing input, and for serializing output.
    """

        serializer_class = self.get_serializer_class()
        kwargs['context'] = self.get_serializer_context()
        return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs)


    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)


        if serializer.is_valid():
            user = serializer.object.get('user') or request.user  # User表对象
            token = serializer.object.get('token')  # 获取到生成的token
            response_data = jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user, request)
            response = Response(response_data)
            if api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE: expiration = (datetime.utcnow() +api_settings.JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA)
                response.set_cookie(api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE,
                                    token,
                                    expires=expiration,
                                    httponly=True)
            return response

            return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)