学习笔记 PHP中的流程控制书写方式有两种可选形式 [第二课]

时间：2014年2月13日

地点：刘家窑

1、下面是摘自PHP手册中的说明：

Alternative syntax for control structures

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

PHP offers an alternative syntax for some of its control structures;namely, if, while, for, foreach, and switch. In each case, the basic form of the alternate syntax is to change the opening brace to a colon (:) and the closing brace toendif;, endwhile;, endfor;, endforeach;, or endswitch;, respectively.

<?php if ($a == 5): ?>
A is equal to 5
<?php endif; ?> 

In the above example, the HTML block "A is equal to 5" is nested within an if statement written in the alternative syntax. The HTML block would be displayed only if$a is equal to 5.

The alternative syntax applies to else and elseif as well. The following is anif structure with elseif and else in the alternative format:

<?php
if ($a == 5):
    echo "a equals 5";
    echo "...";
elseif ($a == 6):
    echo "a equals 6";
    echo "!!!";
else:
    echo "a is neither 5 nor 6";
endif;
?> 

Note:

Mixing syntaxes in the same control block is not supported.

2、下面是在linux上的实验记录：

[kevinlou@centos php]$ vim structure.php

<?php
$a = 100;
if ($a>90):
    echo '$a > 90';
    echo "\n";
elseif ($a > 80):
    echo '$a > 80';
    echo "\n";
endif;

while ($a>10):
    echo $a;
    echo "\n";
    $a -= 10;
endwhile;

echo "\n\n";

for ($i=0;$i<$a;$i++):
    echo $a;
    echo "\n";
    $a--;
endfor;

echo "\n\n";

$arr = array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0);
foreach ($arr as $key=>$val):
    echo $key.'=>'.$val;
    echo "\n";
endforeach;

3、下面是运行结果：

[kevinlou@centos php]$ php structure.php
$a > 90
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20


10
9
8
7
6


0=>1
1=>2
2=>3
3=>4
4=>5
5=>6
6=>7
7=>8
8=>9
9=>0

4、总结和说明：

 1）能够使用 冒号(:)和endxxx 语法的流程控制 只有列出的这几个  ： if  while for foreach switch

 2）冒号必须紧跟在关键字后面的括号后面，不能有空格

 3）elseif 在这种书写方式下，只能连接在一起写，不能分开

 4）两种书写方式不能混合只能使用其中一种。