Android课堂学习笔记——SharedPreferences

什么是SharedPreferences

SharedPreferences是Android平台上一个轻量级的存储类，用来保存应用的一些常用配置，比如Activity状态，Activity暂停时，将此activity的状态保存到SharedPereferences中;当Activity重载，系统回调方法onSaveInstanceState时，再从SharedPreferences中将值取出。

SharedPreferences用法

1.用getSharedPreferences方法获得SharedPreferences对象
2.调用SharedPreferences对象的edit()方法来获取一个SharedPreferences.Editor对象
3.通过SharedPreferences.Editor对象的putXXX函数，设置写入数据
4.调用commit方法将添加的数据提交

登录界面记住密码操作效果展示

登录界面记住密码操作代码展示

xml代码

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.weather.DengluActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/zhanghao_et"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:hint="输入账号"/>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/mima_et"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:inputType="textPassword"
        android:hint="输入密码"/>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <CheckBox
            android:id="@+id/mima_cb"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="记住密码"/>

        <CheckBox
            android:id="@+id/denglu_cb"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="自动登录"/>

    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/denglu_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="登录"
        android:textSize="25sp"/>

</LinearLayout>

java代码

public class DengluActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText zhanghaoEt;
    private EditText mimaEt;
    private CheckBox mimaCb;
    private CheckBox dengluCb;
    private Button dengluBtn;

    private int rememberFlag = 0;
    private String mima;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_denglu);

        bind();

        //从sp文件（mysp.xml）里取出“name”节点对应的值
        SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("mysp.xml",MODE_PRIVATE);
        if (sharedPreferences!=null){
            String name = sharedPreferences.getString("name","");
            mima = sharedPreferences.getString("mima","");
            //赋值给zhanghaoEt
            zhanghaoEt.setText(name);

            rememberFlag = sharedPreferences.getInt("remember_frag",0);
        }

        if (rememberFlag==1){
            mimaCb.setChecked(true);
            mimaEt.setText(mima);
        }

        dengluBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String zhanghao = zhanghaoEt.getText().toString();
                String mima = mimaEt.getText().toString();

                //1.创建SharesPreferences对象
                SharedPreferences spf = getSharedPreferences("mysp.xml", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                //2.创建Editioon对象，写入值
                SharedPreferences.Editor editor = spf.edit();
                editor.putString("name",zhanghao);

                if (mimaCb.isChecked()){
                    rememberFlag = 1;
                    editor.putInt("remember_frag",rememberFlag);
                    editor.putString("mima",mima);
                }else {
                    rememberFlag = 0;
                    editor.putInt("remember_frag",rememberFlag);
                }

                //3.提交
                editor.commit();

                Toast.makeText(DengluActivity.this,"登录成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

    }

    private void bind() {
        zhanghaoEt = findViewById(R.id.zhanghao_et);
        mimaCb = findViewById(R.id.mima_cb);
        mimaEt = findViewById(R.id.mima_et);
        dengluCb = findViewById(R.id.denglu_cb);
        dengluBtn  = findViewById(R.id.denglu_btn);
    }
}