java同步机制对象锁使用方式比较

class Sync {

    private byte[] lock = new byte[0];

    public void sync() throws InterruptedException {

        synchronized (lock) {
            runThread();
        }

    }

    public void thisSync() throws InterruptedException {

        synchronized (this) {
            runThread();
        }

    }

    public synchronized static void staticSync() throws InterruptedException { // 同步的static 函数
        runThread();
    }

    public void classSync() throws InterruptedException { //

        synchronized (Sync.class) {
            runThread();
        }
    }

    private static void runThread() throws InterruptedException {

        Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println("current thread id:" + current.getId() + "enter...");

        System.out.println("1111");
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("2222");
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("3333");
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("4444");
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println("5555");

        System.out.println("current thread id:" + current.getId() + "out...");

    }

}

1.同一个线程lock对象锁是否可复用（即不用等待）

结论：可复用

public class TestObjectSyncLock {

    private static byte[] lock = new byte[0];//零长度的byte数组对象创建起来将比任何对象都经济――查看编译后的字节码：生成零长度的byte[]对象只需3条操作码，而Object lock = new Object()则需要7行操作码。 

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

    //1.同一个线程lock对象锁是否可复用（即不用等待）----可复用
        
        synchronized (lock) {

            new Thread(new Runnable() {

                public void run() {

                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("aaa");

                }
            }).start();
            // lock.notify();
        }

        synchronized (lock) {

            System.out.println("bbb");
            // lock.wait();
        }
   }
}

结果：

bbb
aaa

2.同一个对象，多线程访问(一个主线程，一个新开线程)

结论：锁有效

  Thread current = Thread.currentThread();  
       System.out.println("current thread id:"+current.getId()+"start...");
       final Sync sync =new Sync();
       
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            
            public void run() {
                Thread current = Thread.currentThread();  
                System.out.println("current thread id:"+current.getId()+"start...");
                try {
                    sync.sync();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }  
                
            }
        }).start();
        
        sync.sync();

结果：

current thread id:1start...
current thread id:1enter...
1111
current thread id:9start...
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:1out...
current thread id:9enter...
1111
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:9out...

3.不同对象，多线程访问

结论：锁无效

 Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
        final Sync sync = new Sync();
        final Sync sync2 = new Sync();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
                System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
                try {
                    sync2.sync();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }).start();

        sync.sync();

结果：

currret thread id:1start...
current thread id:1enter...
1111
currret thread id:9start...
current thread id:9enter...
1111
2222
2222
3333
3333
4444
4444
5555
current thread id:1out...
5555
current thread id:9out...

4.wait(),notify()----调用wait或notify时，该线程必须是该对象锁的所有者,否则会抛出Exception in thread "Thread-0" java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException

 new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {

                System.out.println("------");
                synchronized (lock) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                    lock.notify();
                    System.out.println(" after notify ...");
                }
            }
        }).start();

        synchronized (lock) {

            System.out.println("enter ...");

            lock.wait();

            System.out.println("out ...");

        }

结果：

enter ...
------
 after notify ...
out ...

5.wait(),notifyAll()----notifyAll()唤醒所有正在wait的不同线程

    new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                synchronized (lock) {
                    System.out.println("enter thread 1 ...");

                    try {
                        lock.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                    System.out.println("leave thread 1 ...");
                }
            }
        }).start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                synchronized (lock) {
                    System.out.println("enter thread 2 ...");

                    try {
                        lock.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                    System.out.println("leave thread 2 ...");
                }
            }
        }).start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {

                System.out.println("------");
                synchronized (lock) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(3000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                    lock.notifyAll();// notifyAll方法会唤醒所有正在等待对象控制权的线程。
                    // lock.notify();//随机通知一个正在等待的线程
                    System.out.println("after notifyAll ...");
                }
            }
        }).start();

结果：

enter thread 1 ...
enter thread 2 ...
------
after notifyAll ...
leave thread 2 ...
leave thread 1 ...

6.static 同步方法,不同对象

 Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
        Sync sync = new Sync();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                Sync sync = new Sync();
                Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
                System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
                try {
                    sync.staticSync();// 锁有效
                    // Sync.staticSync();//锁有效
                    // sync.sync();//锁无效
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }).start();

        sync.staticSync();// 锁有效
        // Sync.staticSync();//锁有效
        // sync.sync();//锁无效

结果：

currret thread id:1start...
current thread id:1enter...
1111
currret thread id:9start...
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:1out...
current thread id:9enter...
1111
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:9out...

7.class 同步方法,不同对象

 Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
        Sync sync = new Sync();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                Sync sync = new Sync();
                Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
                System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
                try {
                    sync.classSync();// 锁有效

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }).start();

        sync.classSync();// 锁有效

结果：

currret thread id:1start...
current thread id:1enter...
1111
currret thread id:9start...
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:1out...
current thread id:9enter...
1111
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:9out...

8.this 同步方法,不同对象,跟2一样，对象锁

  final Sync sync = new Sync();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                // Sync sync =new Sync();
                Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
                System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
                try {
                    sync.thisSync();

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }).start();

        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            public void run() {
                // Sync sync =new Sync();
                Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
                System.out.println("currret thread id:" + current.getId() + "start...");
                try {
                    sync.thisSync();

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }).start();

结果：

currret thread id:9start...
current thread id:9enter...
1111
currret thread id:10start...
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:9out...
current thread id:10enter...
1111
2222
3333
4444
5555
current thread id:10out...