当类的对象是有限个并且是确定的,需要定义一组常量时强烈建议使用枚举类。
话不多说直接进入正题
如何定义枚举类
方法一(jdk5.0之前自定义枚举类):
package kk.java.enumtest;
/**
* <p>
* 自定义枚举类
* </P>
*
* @author Kk
* @since 2022/7/24 11:47
*/
public class SeasonTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//使用枚举类实例化一个对象
Season autumn = Season.AUTUMN;
System.out.println(autumn);
}
}
class Season {
//定义属性
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
//私有化构造器并给属性赋值
private Season(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
//提供多个枚举类对象
public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天", "春暖花开");
public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天", "夏日炎炎");
public static final Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天", "丰收时节");
public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天", "天寒地冻");
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Season{" +
"seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
运行结果如下:
方法二(jdk5.0,可以使用enum关键字定义枚举类):
package kk.java.enumtest;
/**
* <p>
* 使用enum定义枚举类
* 说明:定义的枚举类默认继承java.lang.Enum类
* </P>
*
* @author Kk
* @since 2022/7/24 12:08
*/
public class SeasonTest1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season1 spring = Season1.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);
}
}
enum Season1 {
//1.提供枚举类的对象,对象前面的修饰关键字可以省略,对象之间使用 "," 隔开,使用 ";" 结尾
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开"),
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎"),
AUTUMN("秋天", "秋高气爽"),
WINTER("冬天", "冰天雪地");
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
Season1(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
}
运行结果如下:
枚举类的方法(Enum类中的常用方法):
使用enum关键字定义的枚举类实现接口
package kk.java.enumtest;
/**
* <p>
* 使用enum定义枚举类
* 说明:定义的枚举类默认继承java.lang.Enum类
* </P>
*
* @author Kk
* @since 2022/7/24 12:08
*/
public class SeasonTest1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Season1 spring = Season1.SPRING;
System.out.println(spring);
//调用重写的show方法
spring.show();
}
}
//让枚举类的对象分别实现接口中的方法,当然也可以只是在枚举类中实现一次
interface info {
void show();
}
enum Season1 implements info {
//1.提供枚举类的对象,对象前面的修饰关键字可以省略,对象之间使用 "," 隔开,使用 ";" 结尾
SPRING("春天", "春暖花开") {
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("春天来咯");
}
},
SUMMER("夏天", "夏日炎炎") {
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("夏天来咯");
}
},
AUTUMN("秋天", "秋高气爽") {
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("秋天天来咯");
}
},
WINTER("冬天", "冰天雪地") {
@Override
public void show() {
System.out.println("冬天来咯");
}
};
private final String seasonName;
private final String seasonDesc;
Season1(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
this.seasonName = seasonName;
this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
}
public String getSeasonName() {
return seasonName;
}
public String getSeasonDesc() {
return seasonDesc;
}
}