简介
Zuul的主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。这个时候,我们需要统一的入口,接口地址全部由该入口进入。比如用/api同一接口,/api/order发给order服务器,/api/product 发给product服务器。
搭建zuul网关服务器
新建一个module模块
pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.klose</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-study</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.klose</groupId>
<artifactId>custom-zuul</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>custom-zuul</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
配置文件:
#找到注册中心的地址
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:18011/eureka/
#当前项目准备部署的端口
server:
port: 18016
#当前项目的服务器名称
spring:
application:
name: custom-zuul
#配置网关路由
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
#/api-ribbon/**请求转发到custom-ribbon服务器
path: /api-ribbon/**
serviceId: custom-ribbon
api-b:
#/api-feign/**请求转发到custom-feign服务器
path: /api-feign/**
serviceId: custom-feign
ribbon:
ReadTimeout: 30000
ConnectTimeout: 30000
启动类:
@EnableZuulProxy注解表明开启网关路由。
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class CustomZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CustomZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
测试:
启动注册中心,两个服务,custom-feign,custom-ribbon,和zuul网关服务器,
输入:http://localhost:18016/api-feign/hi?name=klose 和http://localhost:18016/api-ribbon/hi?name=klose
服务过滤
编写过滤器:
zuul不仅只是路由,并且还能过滤,做一些安全验证。继续改造工程;
编写一个类继承ZuulFilter类即可。
filterType:返回一个字符串代表过滤器的类型,在zuul中定义了四种不同生命周期的过滤器类型,具体如下:
pre:路由之前
routing:路由之时
post: 路由之后
error:发送错误调用
filterOrder:过滤的顺序,越小优先级越高
shouldFilter:这里可以写逻辑判断,是否要过滤,本文true,永远过滤。
run:过滤器的具体逻辑。
具体代码:
package com.klose.customzuul.filter;
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
@Override
public Object run() throws ZuulException {
//获取Request与Response接口对象
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
String securityToken = request.getParameter("access_token");
if (securityToken == null) {
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
//状态码
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
try {
//返回响应
ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("request failure , you do not have security access_token ");
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
//return null 表示直接越过此Filter
return null;
}
}
重启zuul 测试:
源码下载地址:
https://github.com/kloseS/springcloudstudy