解决本地不装oracle数据库，直接远程访问数据库出现的问题【特别注意斜体加粗部分】

环境本地win 10系统不装oracle数据库 ，远端：本地VM 虚拟机安装的win7 系统，网络为桥接模式【最好路由器配置固定IP给虚拟机，或者直接在虚拟机系统里面写好固定的IP】
服务端：
VM里面的oracle监听配置tnsnames.ora，注意所有改动必须都要重启oracle数据库，只重启监听是没有用的:

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: C:\app\ye\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

LISTENER_ORCL =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.116)(PORT = 1521))#注意一定要写为服务机的IP或者在网络可见的网络计算机名称，多个地址时 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.116)(PORT = 1521))即可，下同


ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.116)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

本地instantclient里面instantclient里面的network\ADMIN的tnsnames.ora和上面的一样的即可，如果没有，则下载instantclient后新建两个文件夹，一个是network,并在其里面新建admin，两个文件夹忽略大小写。在admin里面直接拷贝tnsnames.ora过来，里面的IP为虚拟机里面系统获取到的IP。之后在PL SQL 的首选项里面配置instantclient相应的oci.dll ，然后关闭pl sql重新打开即可链接远端的oracle 。
如果使用PLSQL时出现出现中文乱码，则 添加本地系统的环境变量NLS_LANG ,值为SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

服务端配置

如果不想自己写,可以通过 Net Manager 来配置.

以下配置文件中的 localhost 改为 ip 地址,否则,远程不能访问.

1.网络监听配置

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) ***#这里的localhost要改为IP，否则只能本地访问，PLSQL链接时出现无监听等问题，因为是Net Manager 创建的，这里先保留默认生成的，待生成后，手动去目录里面改C:\app\用户名\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin里面的tnsnames.ora文件修改***

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = C:\app\Administrator

多个IP时,如下:

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.116)(PORT = 1521))

)

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.117)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

2.TNS 配置

tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: C:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = CLRExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

)

LISTENER_ORCL =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

多个IP时,如下:

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.24.226.2)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.24.226.3)(PORT = 1521))

)

(SOURCE_ROUTE = yes)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

3.停止和启动服务

先停止以下服务,然后再启动.

OracleOraDb11g_homeTNSListener

OracleService*

客户端配置

1.下载 ODAC 压缩包.

2.解压下载的 ODAC 压缩包.

3.执行安装命令

示例:

install.bat all D:\Program\ODAC\12040x64 OracleHome true

4.添加环境变量

ORACLE_HOME : 是 ODAC 安装的目录.

TNS_ADMIN : 是文件 tnsnames.ora 所在的目录,一般为 ODAC 安装目录下的 network\admin 中.

注: TNS_ADMIN 可以不用添加,直接将 tnsnames.ora 文件复制到 ODAC 安装目录下即可

将 %ORACLE_HOME% 添加到 PATH 环境变量中.

5.配置 TNS

在配置文件 tnsnames.ora 中加入

DBORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = )(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = )

)

)

说明:

数据库电脑的IP或者是计算机名

数据库TNS配置的名称

https://blog.csdn.net/asdfghzqlj/article/details/69666610
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30563917/article/details/101077851
https://blog.csdn.net/zhige_j/article/details/80832654